Body Fluids Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate daily water input for the body?

2400 ml/day (correct)

3400 ml/day

400 ml/day

1400 ml/day

How much water loss is represented by sweating under normal conditions?

400 ml/day

100 ml/day (correct)

700 ml/day

1500 ml/day

Which of the following statements about total body water is incorrect?

Constitutes 5% in children

Constitutes 40% in adult men

Constitutes 80% in older adults (correct)

Constitutes 20% in women

Which feedback mechanism is primarily involved during labor?

Positive feedback Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding feedback control systems is false?

Regulation of blood glucose is a positive feedback mechanism Signup and view all the answers

Which ion has the highest concentration outside the cell?

Sodium Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about extracellular fluid volume is false?

It contains more K+, PO4, and proteins than the intracellular fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct indicator for measuring total body water?

Deuterium oxide Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about interstitial fluid is true?

Its volume is determined by the sucrose space Signup and view all the answers

For measuring extracellular fluid, which indicator is appropriate?

Evans blue dye Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of body weight does total body water constitute in women?

70% Signup and view all the answers

Which factor decreases the percentage of water in the body?

Increased percentage of fat Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual insensible water loss per day?

100 ml Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about total body fluids is incorrect?

It is formed mainly of the interstitial fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the extracellular fluid (ECF) volume in a 60 Kg man?

8 liters Signup and view all the answers

How does the intracellular fluid (ICF) differ from the extracellular fluid (ECF)?

ECF has a higher concentration of sodium Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is found in high concentrations in intracellular fluids?

Potassium ions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about body fluids is accurate?

The transcellular fluid is about 4 liters in volume Signup and view all the answers

What components are included in the extracellular fluid?

Plasma, interstitial, and transcellular fluid Signup and view all the answers

What do body fluids primarily consist of?

Organic and inorganic molecules & ions Signup and view all the answers

Which ion is most abundant inside most cells?

Potassium Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Body Fluids

Total body fluid constitutes about 60% of body weight.
Total body fluid has many functions in the body.
Total body fluid is mainly composed of intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF).
In a 60 kg man, the total body fluid is approximately 36 liters.
ECF volume is about 14-15 liters.
ICF volume is about 25-28 liters.
ECF has higher sodium and lower potassium than ICF.
ICF contains high concentrations of proteins.
Extracellular fluid includes plasma, interstitial fluid, and transcellular fluid.
Body fluids are solutions of water containing organic molecules, inorganic molecules, and ions.
The ion present in the highest concentration inside most cells is potassium.
The ion present in the highest concentration outside the cell is sodium.
The chief cation of ECF is sodium (Na⁺) and the chief anion is chloride (Cl^-).
The volume of interstitial fluid is determined by the sucrose space.

Measuring Body Fluid Volumes

Total body water is measured using deuterium oxide (D₂O).
Extracellular fluid volume is measured using inulin.
Plasma volume is measured using radioactive sodium.

Water Balance

Insensible water loss equals about 100 ml/day.
Urine output equals about 700 ml/day.
Water loss in feces equals 1500 ml/day.
Sweating represents only 100 ml/day of water loss under normal conditions.
Water input is about 2400 ml/day.
Water output is about 2400 ml/day.
Total body water constitutes about 40% of body weight in adult men.
Total body water constitutes about 20% of body weight in women.
Percentage of total body water decreases with age.

Feedback Control Systems

Feedback control systems can be either negative or positive.
Negative feedback systems oppose changes and maintain stability.
Positive feedback systems amplify the changes.
Regulation of normal body temperature is a negative feedback mechanism.
Positive feedback occurs during blood clotting and labor.
The negative feedback occurs when the effect is opposite to the change.
Positive feedback is less common than negative feedback.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of body fluids, including their composition and distribution in the human body. It explores key concepts such as intracellular and extracellular fluid volumes, ion concentrations, and the functions of body fluids. Test your knowledge on the vital role body fluids play in maintaining homeostasis.