Body Fluid Compartments and Osmotic Pressure Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main impact of an increase in ECF osmolar concentration on water movement between compartments?

  • Water moves from plasma to interstitial fluid
  • Water moves from ECF to ICF
  • Water moves from ICF to ECF (correct)
  • Water moves from interstitial fluid to plasma

How does a decrease in ECF osmolar concentration affect water distribution between compartments?

  • Water moves from ECF to ICF (correct)
  • Water moves from interstitial fluid to plasma
  • Water moves from plasma to interstitial fluid
  • Water moves from ICF to ECF

How does an increase in plasma volume affect cardiac output and blood pressure?

  • Increases cardiac output but decreases blood pressure
  • Decreases both cardiac output and blood pressure
  • Increases both cardiac output and blood pressure (correct)
  • Decreases cardiac output but increases blood pressure

What regulates ECF volume to ensure adequate tissue perfusion?

<p>Acute control of thirst and release of ADH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do alterations in sodium content of the ECF affect water movement between compartments?

<p>Cause water redistribution between ICF and ECF compartments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most direct consequence of a decrease in ECF volume on blood pressure?

<p>Decreased venous return to the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the amount of water retained by the body?

<p>Osmolar activity of body fluids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause hypovolemia, potentially leading to a state of shock?

<p>Fluid overload states (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between fluid balance and homeostasis?

<p>Maintaining constant volume of body fluids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the body regulate fluid balance in response to dehydration on a hot day?

<p>Increasing sweating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone plays a significant role in regulating fluid balance through its effect on the kidneys?

<p>ADH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average daily intake of fluid for an adult according to the text?

<p>2500 ml (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the body adjust when daily fluid intake is only 1500 ml?

<p>Reduce urine output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Fluid balance' refers to:

<p>Equal intake and output of water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Good health is maintained when:'

<p>'Intake of water equals excretion' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Dehydration may result in:'

<p>'Lower plasma volume' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main regulator of fluid balance in the body?

<p>Thirst sensation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which solute is considered the most significant in determining water distribution in the body?

<p>Sodium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) in fluid balance regulation?

<p>Increase water reabsorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a small negative fluid balance impact patients with acute medical conditions?

<p>Improves outcomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure is considered the best indicator of the balance of water and electrolytes in the body?

<p>Plasma osmolality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus?

<p>Detect changes in plasma osmolality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do stimulation models contribute to monitoring critically ill patients?

<p>Predict fluid and solute dynamics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of plasma sodium concentration in monitoring hydration status?

<p>It reflects body's hydration status accurately (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be used as an important monitoring tool for predicting fluid and solute dynamics in critically ill patients?

<p>Simulation models (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is considered an inaccurate way to assess fluid balance in ill patients who underwent certain procedures?

<p>24-hour urine collection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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