BMS2046 Disorders of the Central Nervous System (CNS) Part 1 Quiz
60 Questions
4 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the four main categories of neurological disorders mentioned in the text?

  • Acute illnesses, degenerative diseases, developmental disorders, autoimmune conditions
  • Infectious diseases, chronic pain syndromes, metabolic disorders, psychological disorders
  • Sudden onset, chronic conditions, genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases
  • Sudden onset conditions, intermittent and unpredictable conditions, progressive conditions, stable with changing needs (correct)

    • What are the typical causes of neurological disorders as mentioned in the text?

  • Toxic substance exposure, excessive screen time, lack of vitamin D, excessive physical activity
  • Hormonal imbalances, nutritional deficiencies, lack of exercise, psychological trauma
  • Genes, environment, bacterial or viral infections, traumatic injuries or accidents (correct)
  • Unhealthy diet, lack of sleep, social isolation, environmental pollution

    • What is the approximate global disease prevalence of neurological and psychiatric disorders according to the text?

  • ~20%
  • ~5%
  • ~13% (correct)
  • ~8%

    • Which part of the nervous system can neurological disorders affect?

    <p>Either the central or peripheral nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of sudden onset conditions among neurological disorders?

    <p>Stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neurological and psychiatric disorders can be associated with abnormalities in ____.

    <p>Nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about glial cells is correct?

    <p>Astrocytes can influence the formation of neural synapses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated annual prevalence of mental health disorders in the UK, according to Fineberg et al. (2013)?

    <p>45 million diagnoses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the economic burden of brain disorders is correct?

    <p>The economic burden of brain disorders includes both direct and indirect costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system?

    <p>Reproductive function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about neurons is correct?

    <p>Neurons consist of dendrites, a cell body, and an axon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of neurons in the brain and spinal cord, according to the information provided?

    <p>85.1 billion neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated total cost of mental health in Europe in 2010?

    <p>€137,476 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a direct non-medical cost related to mental health in Europe?

    <p>Medication costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proportion of people in England are reported to experience a common mental health problem in any given week?

    <p>1 in 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a mental health condition in the text?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of people in the UK are affected by neurological conditions according to the text?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a common mental health problem typically include?

    <p>Anxiety and depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microglia in the nervous system?

    <p>Removing cellular debris, microbes, and damaged tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the myelin sheath contribute to the efficient transmission of nerve impulses?

    <p>It increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction by insulating axons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB)?

    <p>Restricting access for substances in the blood to enter the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances can readily cross the blood-brain barrier by diffusion?

    <p>Lipid-soluble substances like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and steroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

    <p>Providing mechanical protection and a shock-absorbing medium for the brain and spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is associated with higher cognitive functions and processes?

    <p>The cerebral cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for regulating anxiety, vision, and motor control?

    <p>GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of serotonin as a neurotransmitter?

    <p>Regulates mood, emotion, appetite &amp; digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is the most abundant in the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

    <p>Glutamate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when there are low levels of GABA in the body?

    <p>Increased irritability &amp; anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a precursor to melatonin and involved in sleep regulation?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What functions are primarily associated with glutamate as a neurotransmitter?

    <p>Supporting cognitive functions, memory, and learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of both the brain and the spinal cord.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neurological disorders can only be caused by genetic factors and not environmental factors.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parkinson's disease and dementia are examples of progressive neurological conditions mentioned in the text.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The global disease prevalence of neurological and psychiatric disorders is approximately 25%.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Narcolepsy is classified as an intermittent and unpredictable neurological condition in the text.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Structural, biochemical, or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord, or nerves can cause neurological disorders.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Astrocytes with short branching processes are primarily found in white matter.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most neurons are capable of undergoing mitotic divisions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The spinal cord contains more neurons than the brain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Microglia play a minimal role in maintaining the chemical environment for nerve impulse generation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glial cells primarily function to transmit nerve impulses.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neurons consist of dendrites, a cell body, and an action potential.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oligodendrocytes form and maintain the myelin sheath around PNS axons.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hypothalamus is solely responsible for regulating emotional and behavioral patterns in the brain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The brain consumes approximately 10% of the oxygen used by the body.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The substantia nigra is involved in the production of dopamine, which acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thalamus relays sensory information from the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum and basal nuclei.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood-brain barrier allows easy diffusion of most antibiotics into the brain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) in the hypothalamus are responsible for regulating feeding and satiety centers.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cerebrospinal fluid primarily provides mechanical protection to the brain and spinal cord.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Norepinephrine, also known as noradrenalin, is an excitatory neurotransmitter produced in the adrenal glands and involved in the stress response.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cerebral cortex is a thick, multilayered structure consisting mainly of white matter.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The frontal lobes of the brain are primarily associated with basic motor functions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The limbic system is unique to mammals and is primarily involved in species preservation and self-preservation behaviors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    GABA is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the Central Nervous System (CNS).

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glutamate plays a key role in regulating cognitive functions, memory, and learning.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Serotonin acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain regions specialized for mood, emotion, and appetite.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Melatonin is primarily responsible for balancing out excessive excitatory effects of neurotransmitters in the brain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Oligodendrocytes are supporting glial cells found in the Central Nervous System (CNS).

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Disruption of specific brain regions specialized for certain functions will not result in associated symptoms.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Serotonin is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood, emotion, appetite, digestion, and is a precursor to melatonin for sleep. It helps balance out excessive excitatory effects.
    • GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter regulating anxiety, vision, and motor control. Low levels can lead to irritability and anxiety.
    • Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, affecting cognitive functions, memory, and learning.
    • The brain is specialized in different regions for specific functions, and disruptions in these regions lead to related symptoms.
    • The central nervous system is comprised of neurons and supporting glial cells like astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes.
    • Neurological disorders can be caused by genetic factors, environmental factors, infections, or traumatic injuries, with over 600 known conditions falling into four main categories.
    • Mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, personality disorders, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia can cause distress or impairment in personal functioning.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    BMS2046 Disorders of the CNS: Part 1 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on neurological and psychiatric disorders, prevalence, costs, brain regions, cell types, symptoms, causes, and treatments related to CNS disorders. Part 1 focuses on defining prevalent disorders and understanding their costs.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser