BMS2037: Viral Gastroenteritis Learning Objectives

How many people suffer from diarrhoea every day?

What is the impact of viral gastroenteritis on global human health?

Which type of virus causes 'winter vomiting disease'?

What is the genome type of Norovirus according to Baltimore classification?

Which virus is known as a 'hit-and-run' virus due to its short duration of activity?

What is the size of the genome of Astroviruses?

Which virus is associated with infecting cells in the intestine and affecting mostly children?

What is the distinctive feature of Astroviruses' morphology?

How are Noroviruses primarily transmitted?

Which type of immunity against Astroviruses is long-lasting but tends to wane with age?

What is the mode of transmission for Adenoviruses that primarily affects children?

What is the estimated cost of norovirus infections to the NHS in the UK per annum?

Which virus is the major cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide?

What is the annual mortality rate due to diarrhoeal diseases globally?

Which virus is known for its high stability to inactivation and quick infection, particularly in children?

What is the most effective treatment for rotavirus infection?

Which virus has been underestimated for a long time in terms of its true incidence?

What is the primary source of transmission for gastroenteritis viruses?

What family does Norovirus belong to?

Which virus infects the tips of the microvilli in the intestine, leading to a change in the host's ability to reabsorb water?

What is the main immune evasion mechanism employed by Rotavirus to maximize transcription and replication of its genome?

What is the seasonal pattern for Norovirus incidence, leading to it being dubbed the 'winter vomiting bug'?

What is the recommended guideline by health authorities to prevent further spread of Norovirus?

What is the primary treatment approach for children infected with Rotavirus?

Viral gastroenteritis mainly affects adults rather than children

All viral groups causing human gastroenteritis have similar molecular properties contributing to pathogenesis.

The term 'viral gastroenteritis' only refers to a single virus affecting the gastrointestinal system.

Detection methods for viral gastroenteritis have not significantly evolved over time.

Norovirus belongs to Baltimore's group IV.

Astroviruses are primarily transmitted through the respiratory route.

Adenoviruses have a large dsDNA genome of approximately 20-25kB.

Vaccines for Norovirus are currently available and provide long-lasting immunity.

Astroviruses affect mostly teenagers and young adults.

The estimated cost of norovirus infections to the NHS in the UK per annum is approximately £80M.

Kapikian et al. published a paper on Norovirus molecular features in the Journal of Virology in 1972.

More than 50 serotypes of Adenoviruses are known, some of which are strongly linked to respiratory and eye infections.

Norovirus transmission primarily occurs through airborne droplets such as vomit.

Astroviruses can be diagnosed using Electron Microscopy (EM), ELISA, or NAAT (sequence variability).

Noroviruses are the single major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis.

Rotaviruses have poor stability to inactivation and slow infection.

Astroviruses induce symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting.

Norovirus incidence has been steadily increasing over the years.

Noroviruses belong to the Caliciviridae family, which contains 3 genera: Vesivirus, Lagovirus, and Norovirus.

Gastroenteritis viruses do not grow well in laboratory settings due to their high transmissibility.

Most gastroenteritis viruses transmit via the fecal-oral route.

Gastroenteritis is the leading cause of death worldwide.

The main viral groups causing human gastroenteritis include Salmonella and Shigella.

Adenoviruses primarily affect children and are transmitted via food and water.

Most gastroenteritis viruses remain well-characterized and easily detectable in food.

Gastroenteritis viruses are rarely detectable in food except for Bivalvia shellfish.