BMS149 Lecture 08: Enzymes in Physical Therapy
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Questions and Answers

What are the general properties of enzymes?

  • They remain unchanged during a chemical reaction (correct)
  • They are needed in large amounts
  • They are made of carbohydrates
  • They can be either proteins or RNA
  • What is the definition of an enzyme?

  • A substance that reacts with the products of a chemical reaction
  • A substance that remains unchanged in a chemical reaction
  • A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed itself (correct)
  • A substance that decreases the rate of a chemical reaction
  • What do enzymes end in, according to the text?

  • -ase (correct)
  • -ine
  • -ose
  • -ate
  • Which suffix is added to the substrate of the reaction to name an enzyme?

    <p>-ase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a catalyst?

    <p>A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are enzymes needed in small amounts?

    <p>Because they can be reused multiple times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a coenzyme in enzyme function?

    <p>To transiently associate with the enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of enzymes catalyze the transfer of electrons or oxygen?

    <p>Oxidoreductases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of hydrolases?

    <p>Catalyze the hydrolysis of a substrate by adding H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ligases in enzymatic reactions?

    <p>Catalyze joining of two substrates using ATP as an energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of isomerases?

    <p>Catalyze geometric or structural changes within the molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do enzymes accelerate the rate of a reaction?

    <p>By providing an alternate reaction pathway with a lower energy of activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active site of an enzyme?

    <p>A pocket formed by folding of the protein, containing amino acid side chains that participate in the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'holoenzyme' refer to?

    <p>The combination of an apoenzyme and its cofactor/coenzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is used to describe a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being itself changed in the process?

    <p>Catalyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nomenclature rule for naming enzymes?

    <p>Adding suffix (ose) to the substrate of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of enzymes distinguishes them from other biological molecules?

    <p>They increase the rate of chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of enzymes?

    <p>Proteins only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a substance that decreases the rate of a chemical reaction?

    <p>Inhibitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding suffix (ase) to a word in enzyme nomenclature?

    <p>Describes the action performed by the enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of oxidoreductases?

    <p>Catalyze the transfer of electrons or oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of isomerases?

    <p>Catalyze structural changes within the molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of hydrolases?

    <p>Catalyze the hydrolysis of a substrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do ligases catalyze in enzymatic reactions?

    <p>Catalyze joining of two substrates using ATP as an energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the active site of an enzyme?

    <p>A special pocket or cleft formed by folding of the protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a coenzyme associated with enzymes?

    <p>Tightly bound small organic molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of an enzyme on the energy barrier in a chemical reaction?

    <p>Lower the free activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of lyases in enzymatic reactions?

    <p>Catalyze simple splitting of the substrate without adding water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do transferases catalyze in enzymatic reactions?

    <p>The transfer of a chemical group other than hydrogen or oxygen from one substance to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of cofactors in enzymatic reactions?

    <p>To aid enzymes by acting as coenzymes or metal ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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