Podcast
Questions and Answers
What antigens are present in a person who has type O blood?
What antigens are present in a person who has type O blood?
Neither A or B antigens.
What antibodies are present in a person who has type A blood?
What antibodies are present in a person who has type A blood?
Anti-B antibodies.
Where in the blood are the antigens located?
Where in the blood are the antigens located?
On red blood cells.
Where in the blood are the antibodies located?
Where in the blood are the antibodies located?
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What would happen in the blood of a person if both antigen B and anti-B antibodies were present?
What would happen in the blood of a person if both antigen B and anti-B antibodies were present?
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Explain why someone with blood type AB would be considered a 'universal receiver' (in terms of antigens and antibodies).
Explain why someone with blood type AB would be considered a 'universal receiver' (in terms of antigens and antibodies).
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Type B given to type O blood is safe.
Type B given to type O blood is safe.
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Type B given to type AB blood is safe.
Type B given to type AB blood is safe.
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How is Rh+ blood different from Rh- blood?
How is Rh+ blood different from Rh- blood?
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What antibody can Rh- people make that Rh+ people cannot?
What antibody can Rh- people make that Rh+ people cannot?
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When would Rh- people make the anti-Rh antibody?
When would Rh- people make the anti-Rh antibody?
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(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) When does the blood from the baby actually enter the mother and mix with her blood?
(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) When does the blood from the baby actually enter the mother and mix with her blood?
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(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) What does the mother make in response to the baby's Rh+ blood that enters her bloodstream?
(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) What does the mother make in response to the baby's Rh+ blood that enters her bloodstream?
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(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) Is this 1st Rh+ baby harmed in any way and why?
(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) Is this 1st Rh+ baby harmed in any way and why?
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(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) If the mom has a 2nd Rh+ baby, when do the mom's antibodies cross the placenta into the baby's bloodstream?
(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) If the mom has a 2nd Rh+ baby, when do the mom's antibodies cross the placenta into the baby's bloodstream?
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(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) What happens in the baby when the mom's antibodies enter his blood?
(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) What happens in the baby when the mom's antibodies enter his blood?
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(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) When does the mother make more anti-Rh antibodies against the 2nd Rh+ baby's blood?
(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) When does the mother make more anti-Rh antibodies against the 2nd Rh+ baby's blood?
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(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) What drug is given to the Rh- mom who has an Rh+ baby?
(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) What drug is given to the Rh- mom who has an Rh+ baby?
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(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) If the mom is not given the drug and has a 3rd and 4th Rh+ baby, how would they be affected?
(Rh- mom and Rh+ baby) If the mom is not given the drug and has a 3rd and 4th Rh+ baby, how would they be affected?
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Study Notes
Blood Types and Antigens
- Type O blood has no A or B antigens on red blood cells.
- Type A blood contains anti-B antibodies in its plasma.
- Antigens are located on red blood cells, while antibodies are found in plasma.
Blood Compatibility
- If a person has both antigen B and anti-B antibodies, their blood will attack itself, leading to destruction and clumping of red blood cells.
- Type AB individuals are considered "universal receivers" as they lack anti-A and anti-B antibodies, allowing them to accept any blood type.
- Transfusing type B blood to a type O individual is not safe due to anti-B antibodies attacking B antigens.
- Giving type B blood to a type AB individual is safe because they do not produce anti-B antibodies.
Rh Factor Differences
- Rh+ blood contains the Rh factor (antigen D), whereas Rh- blood lacks this antigen.
- Rh- individuals can produce anti-Rh antibodies if exposed to Rh+ blood.
- Rh- mothers become sensitized to Rh+ blood when it enters their circulation, often during childbirth.
Rh- Mothers and Rh+ Babies
- Blood from a Rh+ baby enters the mother's bloodstream during birth.
- In response to the baby's Rh+ blood, the mother produces anti-Rh antibodies.
- The first Rh+ baby is not harmed because maternal antibodies do not cross the placenta until after birth.
- For subsequent pregnancies with Rh+ babies, maternal antibodies cross the placenta just before birth, potentially destroying the baby’s red blood cells.
- The mother produces more anti-Rh antibodies after mixing of blood during delivery of the second Rh+ baby.
- RhoGAM is a drug administered to Rh- mothers to prevent antibody formation against Rh+ blood in future pregnancies.
- Without RhoGAM, subsequent Rh+ babies can be severely affected, leading to destruction of their red blood cells and possible fatal outcomes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on blood types with this quiz. Explore the different antigens and antibodies associated with various blood types. Ideal for biology students or anyone interested in understanding human blood composition.
