Blood Transfusion and Human Blood Groups
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Blood Transfusion and Human Blood Groups

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why transfusion of incompatible blood can be fatal?

  • The transfused cells may cause an allergic reaction
  • The transfused cells may carry infectious diseases
  • The transfused cells may be destroyed by the immune system (correct)
  • The transfused cells may cause a vigorous inflammatory response

    • What is the term for the protein molecules on the surface of red blood cells that can trigger an immune response?

  • Hemolysins
  • Antigens
  • Agglutinogens (correct)
  • Antibodies

    • Which of the following blood groups is based on the presence or absence of two agglutinogens?

  • MNS blood group
  • Kell blood group
  • Rh blood group
  • ABO blood group (correct)

    • What is the approximate percentage of the population that has the rhesus D antigen?

    <p>85%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of receiving blood products into one's circulation intravenously?

    <p>Blood transfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of blood transfusion?

    <p>To replace blood cells or blood products lost through severe bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the transfusion of one's own blood?

    <p>Autologous transfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration when deciding to transfuse blood or blood products?

    <p>A careful assessment of clinical and laboratory indications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of evaluating a prospective donor's health status and medical history?

    <p>To safeguard the health and safety of the donor and the recipient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for reviewing selection criteria for blood donors?

    <p>To prevent discrimination based on gender, race, nationality, or religion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Triple Blood Bag in blood collection?

    <p>To separate whole blood into three blood components through centrifugation and extraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the BTS in relation to deferred donors?

    <p>To provide counselling to all deferred donors and referral for their further management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of blood bags used in blood collection?

    <p>They are disposable, transparent, and flexible poly vinyl chloride (PVC) containers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which whole blood is separated into three blood components?

    <p>Centrifugation and extraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Triple Top and Bottom Blood Bags?

    <p>To collect and separate three different blood components: plasma, red cells, and buffy coat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the BTS staff in relation to blood donors?

    <p>To be suitably qualified and trained in the donor selection process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of citrate phosphate dextrose solution in blood donor bags?

    <p>To preserve whole blood and red blood cells for up to 21 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics is NOT typical of a transfusion transmissible infection?

    <p>The infectious agent has a short incubation period before the appearance of clinical signs and symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between citrate phosphate dextrose and citrate phosphate dextrose adenine solutions?

    <p>The addition of adenine in citrate phosphate dextrose adenine solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the donor needle gauge in a blood donor bag?

    <p>To collect blood samples from the donor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about a blood donor with a transfusion transmissible infection?

    <p>The donor may have an asymptomatic phase or only mild symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum shelf life of whole blood and red blood cells when preserved with citrate phosphate dextrose adenine solution?

    <p>35 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of fresh frozen plasma in trauma patients?

    <p>To treat coagulopathic hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature range at which fresh frozen plasma is stored?

    <p>-40 to -50 degrees centigrade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of cryoprecipitate?

    <p>Fibrinogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shelf life of platelet concentrate?

    <p>5 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for using cryoprecipitate?

    <p>Factor VIII deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the color of cryoprecipitate?

    <p>White</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of platelet concentrate?

    <p>To treat thrombocytopenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common precaution associated with fresh frozen plasma transfusion?

    <p>Anaphylactic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum recommended screening for hepatitis B in blood donations?

    <p>Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the storage condition for whole blood?

    <p>Refrigerated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate haemoglobin level in whole blood?

    <p>12g/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of packed red cells?

    <p>Treatment of anemia without substantially increasing the patient's blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shelf life of whole blood depending on the type of anticoagulant used?

    <p>Up to 35 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate volume of whole blood?

    <p>450 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary screening test for syphilis in blood donations?

    <p>Specific treponemal antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time frame for transfusion of whole blood after removal from the refrigerator?

    <p>Within 30 minutes to 4 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

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