Blood Groups and Transfusion Medicine Quiz
36 Questions
10 Views

Blood Groups and Transfusion Medicine Quiz

Created by
@CharismaticMridangam

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of blood would you use for urgent pRBCs (packed red blood cells) if following a massive transfusion protocol?

  • AB+
  • O- (correct)
  • A-
  • O+

    • What type of blood would you use for urgent FFP (fresh frozen plasma) or platelets if following a massive transfusion protocol?

  • A-
  • AB+ (correct)
  • O+
  • O-

    • What is the purpose of the questionnaire during the pre-screening process for blood donations?

  • To determine the patient's blood type
  • To check for malaria if the patient has recently traveled
  • To test for infectious diseases
  • To prevent the transmission of prion diseases that cannot be tested for in the blood (correct)

    • What is the purpose of irradiating blood for certain patient groups?

    <p>To inactivate lymphocytes and prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of washing the blood for certain patient groups?

    <p>To replace the plasma with an alternative solution for patients with previous transfusion reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of ABO incompatibility transfusions?

    <p>Improper labeling and patient misidentification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blood product is most commonly used for patients with severe anemia?

    <p>Packed red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which clinical scenario might whole blood be used for transfusion?

    <p>Big blood loss during surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood product is typically used for patients with severe thrombocytopenia?

    <p>Platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component removed from packed red blood cells to create this blood product?

    <p>Plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation would whole blood be used in an autologous manner?

    <p>Hemorrhagic shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fractionated blood product is indicated for hemorrhagic shock and severe anemia?

    <p>Packed red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the 36 blood group systems?

    <p>Sickle Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary basis for transfusion reactions?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different antigens are expressed on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs)?

    <p>250</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a blood group system mentioned in the text?

    <p>Hemophilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ABO and Rh blood group systems?

    <p>To determine compatibility for blood transfusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe alternative forms of a gene?

    <p>Allele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of massive blood transfusion?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most likely complication of massive transfusion in a patient with thrombocytopenia?

    <p>Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN), what is the primary cause of the immune response against the fetal red blood cells?

    <p>Maternal antibodies against the Rh antigen on fetal RBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Rh incompatibility, which of the following antibodies is primarily responsible for hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN)?

    <p>Anti-D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following blood group system incompatibilities is most likely to cause a severe hemolytic transfusion reaction?

    <p>ABO incompatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common cause of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction?

    <p>ABO incompatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following scenarios would a patient be at highest risk for developing transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)?

    <p>Receiving platelets from a multiparous female donor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with severe thrombocytopenia, what is the primary concern associated with platelet transfusions?

    <p>Immune refractoriness due to the development of anti-platelet antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of a febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction?

    <p>Bacterial contamination of the blood product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following blood group systems is primarily responsible for hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) in populations with a high prevalence of the corresponding antigen?

    <p>Kell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most appropriate management for a patient who develops an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction due to ABO incompatibility?

    <p>Immediately stop the transfusion and provide supportive care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of blood transfusions, what is the primary function of the Rh blood group system?

    <p>To screen for the risk of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate action to take in the event of a massive transfusion reaction?

    <p>Immediately discontinue the transfusion and initiate appropriate treatment based on the type of reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of massive transfusion protocols, what is the primary concern with using O- blood for urgent packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions?

    <p>Potential for ABO incompatibility and hemolytic transfusion reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following patients would be most likely to receive irradiated blood products?

    <p>A patient undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of thrombocytopenia, what is the primary concern with using AB+ blood for urgent platelet transfusions?

    <p>Potential for ABO incompatibility and platelet refractoriness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern with administering non-irradiated blood products to a patient with graft-versus-host disease (GvHD)?

    <p>Increased risk of exacerbating the GvHD due to viable lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most likely cause of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN)?

    <p>Rh incompatibility between the mother and fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Transfusions

    • Blood transfusions involve the transfer of blood or blood products from a donor to a recipient
    • Mass transfusion protocol: blood bank releases large amounts of blood while awaiting group and cross-match results

    Blood Groups

    • ABO and Rh blood groups are the basis of transfusion reactions
    • There are approximately 250 antigens on the surface of RBCs, grouped into 36 blood group systems
    • Examples of blood group systems: ABO, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, Diego, MNS, Lutheran, P, Lewis, I, Auberger, Junior, Xg, Scianna, Dombrock, Colton, Landsteiner-Wiener, Chido/Rodgers, Hh, Indian, Ok, Rh-associated glycoprotein (RhAG), Gerbich, Knops, Cromer, John Milton Hagen (JMH), Diego, Cartwright, Langereis, Cost, Auger, Tektin, FORS, Vel, and Wright

    Blood Products

    • Two types of blood products: whole blood and fractionated blood products
    • Whole blood is rarely used, except in autologous transfusion or for Jehovah's Witnesses
    • Fractionated blood products:
      • Packed red blood cells (most common): collection of RBCs with plasma removed, used for haemorrhagic shock, pre-operative planning, and severe anaemia (Hb < 70)
      • Platelets: platelets in plasma or additive solution, used for severe thrombocytopenia

    Pre-Screening and Safety

    • Pre-screening involves: questionnaire, blood test (FBC, blood type, infectious screening), and further measures for specific patient groups
    • Safety measures:
      • Written consent prior (unless in emergency)
      • Labelled specimen with 3 patient identifiers
      • Administered by 2 clinical staff
      • Timer started once left blood bank – must be used within 4 hours; if no longer needed, ideally take back to blood bank
      • The most common cause of ABO incompatibility transfusions is improper labelling and patient misidentification

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Blood Groups and Transfusions PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on blood groups, transfusions, transfusion products, reactions, and complications like haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Explore principles of transfusions, safety measures, screening procedures, and different types of blood products.

    More Like This

    Blood Groups and Transfusion
    18 questions

    Blood Groups and Transfusion

    LionheartedIntegral avatar
    LionheartedIntegral
    ABO Blood Group System
    29 questions

    ABO Blood Group System

    BrainyWombat avatar
    BrainyWombat
    Blood Group Importance and Transfusion
    10 questions

    Blood Group Importance and Transfusion

    GlisteningArtePovera avatar
    GlisteningArtePovera
    Immunologie des Groupes Sanguins
    54 questions

    Immunologie des Groupes Sanguins

    SelfSufficiencyLotus avatar
    SelfSufficiencyLotus
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser