Blood Donation & Testing Terms Quiz

Questions and Answers

What organization sets guidelines for Blood Donor Centers?

ARD

AABB (correct)

ACT

NIDA

What does ACT stand for?

Activated Clotting Time

Aerobic means without air.

False

Anaerobic means with air.

False Signup and view all the answers

What does ARD stand for?

Antimicrobial Removal Device Signup and view all the answers

What does BAC stand for?

Blood Alcohol Concentration Signup and view all the answers

What is bacteremia?

Bacteria in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What does BNP measure?

Congestive heart failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the chain of custody?

Special protocol for forensic specimen collections Signup and view all the answers

What does CRP indicate?

Nonspecific marker for inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What does EQC stand for?

Instruments electronic QC check Signup and view all the answers

What does ETOH represent?

Ethanol Signup and view all the answers

What does FAN stand for?

Fastidious Antimicrobial Neutralization Signup and view all the answers

What does FUO mean?

Fever of Unknown Origin Signup and view all the answers

What does GTT diagnose?

Carbohydrate metabolism problems Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is detected in a pregnancy test?

HCG Signup and view all the answers

What condition does hypoglycemia refer to?

Decreased blood sugar levels Signup and view all the answers

What condition is referred to as hyperkalemia?

Increased blood potassium levels Signup and view all the answers

What is hypernatremia?

Increased blood sodium levels Signup and view all the answers

What does ICa2+ stand for?

Ionized form of calcium Signup and view all the answers

What does INR standardize?

PT results Signup and view all the answers

What does K+ refer to?

The mineral potassium Signup and view all the answers

What does lactate indicate?

Severity of metabolic acidosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the lookback program?

Trace blood unit components to donor Signup and view all the answers

What does lysis refer to?

Rupturing of a red blood cell Signup and view all the answers

What does NIDA stand for?

National Institute on Drug Abuse Signup and view all the answers

What does peak level refer to?

Highest serum drug concentration anticipated Signup and view all the answers

What is POCT?

Testing performed at the patient's side Signup and view all the answers

What does PP stand for?

After a meal Signup and view all the answers

What is septicemia?

Microorganism and toxins in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What does TDM refer to?

Therapeutic drug levels collected at specific times Signup and view all the answers

What does TGC stand for?

Intensive insulin therapy for glucose control Signup and view all the answers

What does TnI indicate?

Heart muscle protein elevated in 3 to 6 hours Signup and view all the answers

What does TnT indicate?

Heart muscle protein that may be elevated for 14 days Signup and view all the answers

What does through level refer to?

Lowest serum drug concentration expected Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Blood Donation and Testing Terms

AABB sets guidelines for Blood Donor Centers, ensuring safe blood donation practices.
Autologous blood donation refers to individuals donating blood for their own future use, promoting safety.
Lookback programs track blood unit components back to the original donor for traceability and safety.

Blood Composition and Testing

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) measures the amount of alcohol in the bloodstream.
Bacteremia indicates the presence of bacteria in blood, which can suggest infections.
Septicemia refers to the presence of microorganisms and toxins in the blood, indicating severe infection.
Lactate levels indicate the severity of metabolic acidosis in patients.

Time-Sensitive Tests and Results

Peak levels reflect the highest expected serum drug concentration, important for medication efficacy.
Through levels denote the lowest expected serum drug concentration, crucial for monitoring drug therapy.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) involves collecting drug levels at specific times to optimize treatment.

Medical Indicators and Conditions

Activated clotting time (ACT) is critical for assessing blood coagulation.
Chronic diseases like congestive heart failure can be monitored using B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels.
Hypoglycemia signifies dangerously low blood sugar, while hyperkalemia and hypernatremia refer to elevated potassium and sodium levels, respectively.

Laboratory and Testing Procedures

Chain of custody ensures proper handling and tracking of forensic specimens to maintain integrity.
Point-of-care testing (POCT) allows diagnostics to be performed at the patient's side for immediate results.
Intensive insulin therapy (TGC) is used for precise glucose control in diabetes management.

Hormones and Markers in Medical Testing

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a hormone commonly tested in pregnancy tests.
C-reactive protein (CRP) serves as a nonspecific inflammation marker, aiding in the diagnosis of various conditions.
Fever of unknown origin (FUO) presents a clinical challenge, indicating underlying issues requiring investigation.

Antimicrobial and Metabolic Considerations

Antimicrobial removal devices (ARD) and fastidious antimicrobial neutralization (FAN) are used during blood culture processes.
Ionized calcium (ICa2+) is an essential mineral for numerous bodily functions, affecting many physiological processes.
Glucose tolerance test (GTT) helps diagnose carbohydrate metabolism problems.

Key Abbreviations

ETOH is commonly used to refer to ethanol, particularly in medical and laboratory contexts.
INR is the international normalized ratio, standardizing prothrombin time results for anticoagulation monitoring.

Specialized Tests and Conditions

Lysis describes the rupture of cells, especially red blood cells, significant in certain medical conditions.
TnI and TnT are cardiac troponin proteins used to assess heart muscle damage after events like heart attacks, with TnI elevating within 3 to 6 hours and TnT potentially elevated for up to 14 days.

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Description

Test your knowledge on blood donation practices and testing terms. This quiz covers definitions, procedures, and important concepts related to blood safety, composition, and time-sensitive tests. Challenge yourself to ensure a deeper understanding of crucial medical terminology.