Blood Cells: Nucleus and Cytoplasm
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Questions and Answers

What are the characteristics of a rubricyte's nucleus compared to that of a lymphocyte?

  • The nucleus is irregular-shaped with multiple nucleoli.
  • The nucleus appears crushed and velvet-like with an eccentric placement. (correct)
  • The nucleus is elongated and prominent with clear chromatin.
  • The nucleus is large and round with dense chromatin.

    • Which statement correctly describes the metarubricyte stage?

  • This stage demonstrates a checkered cytoplasmic appearance.
  • It has a larger nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio than a rubricyte.
  • This stage is capable of mitosis and produces reticulocytes.
  • The nucleus is pyknotic and the cytoplasm appears salmon-pink. (correct)

    • What is the main difference in the cytoplasm color between rubricytes and lymphocytes?

  • Rubricytes have gray cytoplasm and lymphocytes display muddy or gray-polychromatic cytoplasm. (correct)
  • Rubricytes have a pink cytoplasm while lymphocytes show a deep blue color.
  • Rubricytes exhibit a gray cytoplasm, whereas lymphocytes show checkered patterns.
  • Rubricytes have a muddy or gray-polychromatic cytoplasm while lymphocytes are gray.

    • What unique feature distinguishes the last stage capable of mitosis during red blood cell development?

    <p>The rubricyte is the last stage that can still undergo mitosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What transition occurs immediately after the metarubricyte stage?

    <p>The nucleus is extruded and the cell becomes a reticulocyte.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nucleus and Cytoplasm in Blood Cells

    • Nucleus: Round, thin membrane, smaller, and slightly eccentric in rubricytes. Nucleoli present in early stages (0-1 in last stage of nucleolus).
    • Cytoplasm: Deeper blue in rubricytes, more abundant compared to normoblasts, due to smaller nucleus. Basophilic. Initial stages of hemoglobin synthesis are also noted here, indicated by chemoglobinization.
    • Color of cytoplasm in Rubricyte: Gray - not pink
    • Color of cytoplasm in Lymphocyte: Sky blue/Robin's egg blue, muddy or gray-polychromatic
    • Color of cytoplasm in Metarubricyte: Salmon-pink

    Rubricyte (Polychromic Normoblast)

    • Size: 11 to 15 μm
    • Nucleus: Round, smaller, thick nuclear membrane, eccentric nucleus.
    • Nucleolus: Absent.
    • N:C ratio: 1:1
    • Function: Precursor to mature RBCs.

    Metarubricyte (Orthochromatic Normoblast)

    • Size: 8 to 12 μm
    • Nucleus: Pyknotic (shrunken mass of degenerated chromatin).
    • Nucleolus: Absent.
    • Cytoplasm: Salmon-pink.
    • N:C ratio: 1:2
    • Further maturation: Nucleus is extruded, cell turns into reticulocyte.

    Differences between Rubricyte and Lymphocyte

    • Nucleus: Rubricyte - crushed/velvet; Lymphocyte - sky blue/Robin's egg blue.
    • Cytoplasm color: Rubricyte - checkerboard; Lymphocyte - muddy/gray.

    Other Important Details

    • Prorubricyte gives rise to rubricytes.
    • Helpful criteria to distinguish a prorubricyte from rubriblast: Absence of nucleoli, coarser chromatin pattern.
    • Each rubricyte (cell) gives rise to 2 metarubricytes.
    • Last stage of cell's capability of mitosis; 1st stage of hemoglobin synthesis (other Hema bodies); 1st stage cytoplasm becomes pink.
    • Other names for the Metarubricyte: Nucleated RBC, Pyknotic erythroblast, Acidophilic normoblast.
    • Pyrenocyte = enveloped extruded nucleus (extruded nucleus).
    • Late Normoblast/Late Erythroblast/Erythrochromatic Erythroblast are alternative names for the metarubricyte.
    • Howell Jolly bodies: small fragments of nucleus left behind by macrophages in the spleen

    Splenectomy and Howell Jolly Bodies

    • Splenectomy removal of the spleen and macrophages.
    • Howell Jolly bodies are remnants of the nucleus.

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    Description

    Explore the characteristics of nucleuses and cytoplasmic features in blood cells, specifically focusing on rubricytes and metarubricytes. This quiz covers the structure, color, and functions of these crucial cells in the blood, detailing their roles in the maturation process of red blood cells.

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