44 Questions
Leishmania spp. is transmitted by certain types of mosquitoes.
False
Old world leishmaniasis is caused by L.mexicana.
False
The life cycle of Leishmania is completed in one host only.
False
Promastigotes reproduce sexually in the sandfly's alimentary canal.
False
The term 'New World' refers to Europe and Asia.
False
Humans can act as natural reservoir hosts for Leishmania.
True
Leishmanin test is positive in active cases of kala-azar.
False
Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis primarily causes damage to the feet.
False
Leishmania parasites replicate extracellularly within the human body.
False
Vaccination for leishmaniasis mainly induces humoral immune response.
True
PKDL diagnosis involves the demonstration of amastigote forms of L.donovani by a microscope.
True
Prevention of leishmaniasis includes treating people with the disease early to prevent further spread.
True
Leishmaniasis is a bacterial infection.
False
Cutaneous leishmaniasis causes an open sore at the bite site that heals in a few weeks.
False
Leishmaniasis is mainly a parasitic disease transmitted by sandflies.
True
Visceral leishmaniasis predominantly affects the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes.
True
PKDL is a condition caused by the reversal of L.infantum from viscerotropic to dermatotropic.
False
A skin scraping with microscopic analysis using Wright or Giemsa stain is used for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis.
True
Leishmanin skin test is used for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis.
False
Leishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis.
True
Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis produces skin lesions that resemble chickenpox.
False
Old world leishmaniasis is the most common form of leishmaniasis.
False
Which sandfly genus transmits Old World leishmaniasis?
Phlebotomus
What is the shape of the amastigote stage of Leishmania?
Spherical
What is the term used for the Americas in relation to leishmaniasis?
New World
In which hosts is the life cycle of Leishmania completed?
Humans and sandflies
After reaching the sandfly's stomach, amastigotes transform into which stage of Leishmania?
Promastigote
Which type of reservoir hosts are involved in the transmission of Leishmania?
Humans, dogs, and wild rodents
Why is the Leishmanin test negative in active cases of kala-azar?
Due to a lack of Cell-mediated immunity.
What is the primary cause of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (espundia) in New World leishmaniasis?
L.braziliensis
How do Leishmania parasites replicate within the human body?
Intracellularly inside macrophages
What are some possible treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis?
Fluconazole
Which prevention method can help reduce the incidence of leishmaniasis?
Sleeping under nets treated with insecticide
Why does vaccination against leishmania pose a challenge?
Requirement of humoral immune responses.
What is the incubation period for cutaneous leishmaniasis?
Few weeks to 6 months
What is the most typical symptom of visceral leishmaniasis?
Fever
Which organism predominantly causes cutaneous leishmaniasis?
L.tropica
What is the habitat of Leishmania donovani and L.infantum in the human body?
Liver, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes
Which test is used for diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis through a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction?
Montenegro test
What is the primary method for isolating the organism causing cutaneous leishmaniasis from a lesion?
Needle aspiration of tissue fluid
What is the primary cause of death in visceral leishmaniasis?
Secondary infections
'Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis' manifests as what type of skin lesions?
'Measle-like' lesions
'Black fever' is another name for which form of leishmaniasis?
'Visceral' leishmaniasis
Which age group is most commonly affected by visceral leishmaniasis?
Children under 5 years old
Test your knowledge on Leishmania spp., the causative agents of Leishmaniasis disease spread by specific sandflies. Learn about the geographical distribution and classification of the disease into Old World and New World leishmaniasis.
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