BioSci 107 Lecture 3 Connective Tissues: Features and Functions

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What is the function of connective tissue in the body?

To bind, support, and strengthen other body tissues (correct)

To contract and generate movement

To aid in digestion

To produce and release hormones

Where is connective tissue NOT found in the body?

In blood vessels

Within cartilage

On body surfaces (correct)

In bones

Which of the following connective tissues is highly vascular?

Tendons

Blood (correct)

Cartilage

Adipose tissue

What are the components of connective tissue?

Extracellular matrix and cells Signup and view all the answers

What does ECM stand for in the context of connective tissues?

Extracellular Matrix Signup and view all the answers

Which part of connective tissue largely dictates its qualities?

Protein Fibres Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between cartilage and bone ECM?

Cartilage ECM is soft and flexible, while bone ECM is hard and inflexible. Signup and view all the answers

Which components make up the ground substance in connective tissue ECM?

Water, proteins, and polysaccharides Signup and view all the answers

What do Glycosaminoglycans (GAGS) consist of?

Repeating disaccharide units with amino and uronic sugars Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a sulphated GAG?

Keratan sulphate Signup and view all the answers

How does Hyaluronic acid differ from other GAGs?

It is not sulphated like other GAGs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of Proteoglycans (PGs)?

Core protein + Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connective tissue fibre is composed of collagen with a coating of glycoprotein?

Reticular fibres Signup and view all the answers

What is the hereditary defect usually resulting from a dominant mutation in a gene on chromosome 15?

Marfan Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

Which type of connective tissue fibre is thinner than collagen fibres and can be stretched without breaking?

Elastic fibres Signup and view all the answers

What are the features of collagen fibres that vary in different tissues?

Thickness Signup and view all the answers

What is the most abundant protein in the body, constituting about 25% of the body's proteins?

Collagen Signup and view all the answers

Where are reticular fibres commonly found as part of the extracellular matrix?

In nerve tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure/location of Dense Regular Connective Tissue?

Located in tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses Signup and view all the answers

Which connective tissue type is known for its shiny white appearance and slow healing?

Dense Regular Connective Tissue Signup and view all the answers

Where can you find Hyaline Cartilage in the body?

Respiratory cartilage like the nose and trachea Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Elastic and Fibrocartilage in the body?

Flexibility and movement Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone tissue forms the outer layer of bones and makes up the shaft of long bones?

Compact Bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hyaluronic acid in the body?

Maintain the shape of the eyeball and lubricate joints Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is responsible for supporting and providing adhesive features to cartilage, bone, and skin?

Chondroitin Sulfate Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hyaluronidase in the body?

Lubricate joints and move cells more easily Signup and view all the answers

Which glycosaminoglycan is found in bone, cartilage, and the cornea of the eye?

Keratan Sulfate Signup and view all the answers

Exophthalmos (abnormal protrusion of the eyeball) is caused by:

Autoimmune action on fibroblasts in ECM of the eye Signup and view all the answers

What does the ECM consist of?

Ground Substance and Fibres Signup and view all the answers