Biology: Vocabulary and Concepts Quiz

Binomial Nomenclature = The scientific system of giving a genus and species name to each plant and animal Natural Selection = Organisms that are better suited for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce Adaptation = A characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environment and reproduce Genetic Variation = Genetic differences between individuals or populations

Sexual Reproduction = The production of a new living organism by two parents Asexual Reproduction = A type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism Binary Fission = A cell dividing into two cells after duplicating its genetic material breaks off Budding = An organism forming a growth that develops into a genetically identical organism and then organism

Nucleus = Controls the activities of the cell Cell Wall = Rigid layer surrounding a plant cell that provides support, strength, and shape (plant cell only) Environments Vocabulary Taxonomy = The classification and naming of organisms in an ordered system Offspring = The organism or organisms resulting from sexual or asexual reproduction

<p>Mitochondria = Produces the energy needed for the cell to carry out its functions Golgi Bodies = Packages and distributes materials to other parts of the cell Endoplasmic Reticulum = Passageways in the cell that carry materials from one part of the cell to another Vacuole = The storage area of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inherited Trait = A trait that an organism is born with that is obtained from parents or ancestors Acquired Trait = A trait that an organism obtains during its lifetime through its environment Gene = A segment of DNA that has the code for a specific trait Chromosome = The location where genetic information is stored within the nucleus of a cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell = The basic unit of life Tissue = A group of similar cells that do the same sort of work Organ = A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function Organ System = A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell Membrane = Controls what comes in and out of the cell Cytoplasm = Thick gel-like fluid inside the cell between the nucleus and the cell membrane Chloroplast = Contains chlorophyll and makes food from sunlight (plant cell only) DNA = Long chains of molecules that make up chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryote = An organism whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles Eukaryote = An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles Unicellular = An organism that is made up of only one cell Multicellular = An organism that is made up of many cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Autotroph = An organism that is able to produce its own food through the process of photosynthesis Heterotroph = An organism that must consume other organisms in order to obtain energy Omnivore = An organism that consumes both plants and animals Herbivore = An organism that consumes only plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Circulatory = Transports oxygen and nutrients to the body and removes CO2 and other waste products Respiratory = Supplies the blood with oxygen for delivery to all parts of the body Skeletal = Provides support, movement, protection, blood cell production, and calcium storage Muscular = Responsible for the movement of the human body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digestive = Breaks down food into tiny molecules to allow the body to absorb nutrients Excretory = Removes wastes that can cause toxic build-up and lead to diseases or death Reproductive = Produces eggs or sperm and nourishes offspring until birth Integumentary = Acts as a barrier to protect the body from the outside world</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nervous = Controls and transmits signals between different parts of the body Endocrine = Glands that secrete hormones to regulate metabolism, growth, sleep, and reproduction Immune = Protects the body from infections and diseases Lymphatic = Helps maintain fluid balance in the body and is part of the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis = The process by which autotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy Metabolism = The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life Homeostasis = The ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes Adaptation = A change or process of change by which an organism becomes better suited to its environment</p> Signup and view all the answers