Questions and Answers
Which part of the name is the Family for the common house mouse species, Mus musculus?
Muridae
Natural selection ________.
results in evolutionary adaptation
Homology is the evidence of binomial nomenclature.
False
Gene flow is NOT a requirement of natural selection.
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Biological species consist of groups of ________.
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Which scenario describes allopatric speciation?
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The science of naming, identifying, and classifying organisms is called cladograms.
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Species level is more inclusive than order.
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The wing of a penguin is homologous to the wing of a butterfly.
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What is the currently recognized classification scheme?
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Which gas began to increase in the atmosphere as a result of photosynthesis by autotrophic prokaryotes approximately 2.7 billion years ago?
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The prokaryotic group that tends to inhabit extreme environments belongs to ________.
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Spherical bacteria that occur in clusters are bacilli.
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Prokaryotes reproduce by means of meiosis.
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Under ideal conditions, prokaryotes are capable of reproducing at a decreased rate.
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Study Notes
Taxonomy and Classification
- Common house mouse: Mus musculus
- Family classification: Muridae
- Higher taxonomy: Rodentia (order), Mammalia (class), Chordata (phylum), Animalia (kingdom), Eukarya (domain)
Natural Selection and Evolution
- Natural selection leads to evolutionary adaptation, enhancing survival and reproduction in changing environments.
Homology and Nomenclature
- Homology is not evidence of binomial nomenclature, but rather indicates shared ancestry among species.
Gene Flow and Speciation
- Gene flow is not essential for natural selection to occur.
- Biological species comprise groups of populations that can interbreed.
Speciation Concepts
- Allopatric speciation occurs when a population is geographically separated, leading to the evolution of distinct species (e.g., squirrels separated by the Grand Canyon).
Taxonomy Misconceptions
- Cladograms are not the science of naming or classifying organisms; this field is known as taxonomy.
- Species are less inclusive than order within biological classification.
Homologous Structures
- The statement claiming the wing of a penguin is homologous to that of a butterfly is incorrect; these structures are analogous due to different evolutionary origins.
Current Classification System
- The modern taxonomy recognizes a three-domain system: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Historical Atmospheric Changes
- Oxygen levels in the atmosphere began to rise approximately 2.7 billion years ago due to photosynthesis by autotrophic prokaryotes.
Prokaryotic Characteristics
- Archaea, a group of prokaryotes, thrive in extreme environments.
- Misconception: Spherical bacteria in clusters are not bacilli; they are called cocci.
- Prokaryotes reproduce asexually, primarily through binary fission, not meiosis.
- Prokaryotes reproduce at an increased rate under ideal conditions, not decreased.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these biology flashcards focusing on taxonomy, natural selection, and gene flow. Each card presents a question designed to reinforce key concepts in evolutionary biology and nomenclature. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of biological classifications.
