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Questions and Answers
In order to be accepted, a scientific theory must be?
In order to be accepted, a scientific theory must be?
- Controversial and cause debate
- In line with all previous historical ideas
- Based on the results of a single experiment
- Widely tested and supported by extensive data (correct)
Which procedure would have made the outcome of this study more valid?
Which procedure would have made the outcome of this study more valid?
- Test the supplement on both groups for 5 weeks instead of 10 weeks
- Test a third group that receives 150 mg of the supplement
- Test only one group with 200 mg of the supplement
- Test a third group that does not receive the supplement (correct)
Which sentence is a possible hypothesis that was tested in this experiment?
Which sentence is a possible hypothesis that was tested in this experiment?
- The pH of the water will affect the heights of the radish plants. (correct)
- Will the amount of water alter the heights of the radish plants?
- Does the pH of water affect the growth of radish plants?
- The temperature of the water will affect the heights of the radish plants.
What was the dependent variable in this experiment?
What was the dependent variable in this experiment?
The greatest problem with this procedure is that?
The greatest problem with this procedure is that?
How does the CONTROL GROUP setup in an experiment differ from the other setups?
How does the CONTROL GROUP setup in an experiment differ from the other setups?
Which measurement would most likely be taken to determine the effects of different mineral salts upon the experimental groups?
Which measurement would most likely be taken to determine the effects of different mineral salts upon the experimental groups?
Which sentence represents a hypothesis?
Which sentence represents a hypothesis?
In a scientific investigation, after the question is defined, the next step is most likely?
In a scientific investigation, after the question is defined, the next step is most likely?
Diagrams, tables, and graphs are used by scientists mainly to?
Diagrams, tables, and graphs are used by scientists mainly to?
State two factors that must be kept the same in both the experimental groups and the control group.
State two factors that must be kept the same in both the experimental groups and the control group.
State a hypothesis of the experiment.
State a hypothesis of the experiment.
Identify the type of data that will be collected.
Identify the type of data that will be collected.
Identify the independent variable in this experiment.
Identify the independent variable in this experiment.
Describe how the control group will be treated differently from the experimental group.
Describe how the control group will be treated differently from the experimental group.
State the problem to be tested.
State the problem to be tested.
Flashcards
Scientific Theory
Scientific Theory
A scientific idea supported by extensive data and testing.
Control Group
Control Group
A group in a study that does not receive the treatment, used for comparison.
Dependent Variable
Dependent Variable
The factor that is measured or observed in an experiment.
Hypothesis
Hypothesis
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Data Organization
Data Organization
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Experiment Factors
Experiment Factors
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Study Notes
Scientific Theory
- A scientific theory must be widely tested and supported by extensive data to gain acceptance.
- It is not valid if based on a single experiment, controversial, or aligned with historical ideas alone.
Validity in Experimental Studies
- A more valid study includes a control group that does not receive the supplement, allowing for comparison.
pH and Plant Growth
- Experiment tested the effect of water pH on radish plant growth.
- Groups were watered with water at different pH levels (3.0 and 7.0) and showed controlled conditions for light, water amount, and soil type.
- Hypothesis: The pH of water will affect the heights of the radish plants.
Key Variables in Experiments
- Dependent variable in the radish experiment is the heights of the plants.
- Control groups are crucial; failure to use one can skew results of the study (e.g., multivitamin side effects).
Control Groups
- In an experiment, the control group does not receive the experimental treatment, providing a baseline for comparison.
Measuring Plant Growth
- Key measurement for plant growth experiments is the height of the plants, not factors like weight or distance from light.
Hypothesis Formation
- Scientific investigations begin with formulating a hypothesis after defining the research question.
Data Organization
- Scientists use diagrams, tables, and graphs to organize data efficiently, facilitating analysis and communication.
Experiment Factors
- In experiments on fish eggs affected by acid rain, factors such as the amount of sunlight and tank size must remain constant between groups.
Hypothesis Example
- A hypothesis example could state that fish eggs can hatch in water with varying acidic levels, including those simulating acid rain.
Daphnia Experiment Design
- For studying temperature effects on Daphnia size, the dependent variable is the size of the Daphnia.
- The control group maintains a constant temperature, while experimental groups are subjected to varied temperatures.
Problem Statement for Daphnia Testing
- The problem to be explored is the effect of temperature on the size of the Daphnia population.
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