The Scientific Method in Classical Biology

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the Science 11 course?

To specialize in a specific area of Biology

To review High School Biology concepts

To introduce students to the basics of Biology

To explore living systems from a complex systems perspective (correct)

What is one of the objectives of the module?

To focus on chemical reactions in cells

To explore bio-cultural expressions of knowledge on living systems (correct)

To explore biological systems in a reductionist manner

To specialize in a specific area of Biology

What is implied by the phrase 'complex systems perspective'?

A focus on the molecular structure of living organisms

A focus on the simplest units of life

A reductionist approach to understanding living systems

A holistic approach to understanding living systems (correct)

What is reviewed in the course?

The content of High School Biology Signup and view all the answers

What is explored in the context of the History of Biology?

The content of High School Biology Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of the course?

To enable students to make mindful and meaningful choices Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT an objective of the module?

To specialize in a specific area of Biology Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the Science 11 course?

It reviews High School Biology concepts in a new perspective Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of classical experiments in Biology?

Controlling conditions to highlight the relationship between cause and effect Signup and view all the answers

What led to the increase in interest in collecting and studying different kinds of organisms?

The increase in exposure of Europeans to different environments through their colonies Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of the chemical composition of cells and its physiological effects?

Biochemistry Signup and view all the answers

What is the field of study that focuses on the relationships between organisms and their environment?

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept that emerged in the mid-20th century, fusing matter and energy flows into the study of ecology?

Ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

Who published the theory of evolution in the 19th century?

Charles Darwin Signup and view all the answers

What is the field of study that focuses on the structure and function of cells?

Cell Biology Signup and view all the answers

What is the field of study that emerged in the late 19th century, focusing on the relationships between organisms and their environment?

Ecology Signup and view all the answers

What is the main criticism of the Cartesian science approach to understanding living systems?

It fails to consider the context of the larger whole when analyzing individual parts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the study of Living Systems in the context of the environmental crisis?

To predict and mitigate the current environmental crisis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Unit 1 of the Science 11 course?

The Attributes and Properties of Living Systems. Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the article by Carl R. Woese that is recommended reading for this course?

A New Biology for a New Century. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of reductionist science in understanding living systems?

It fails to consider the interactions between individual parts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Unit 3 of the Science 11 course?

Resource conservation and management. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of advocates who criticize the utilitarian view of nature?

The environmental crises that arise from this view. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the approach of Cartesian science and systems science?

The focus on individual parts versus the whole system. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classical Experiments and Biology

Classical experiments controlled conditions to minimize variables, highlighting direct relationships between causes and effects.
This methodology allowed for the growth of Biology, benefiting medicine, food, and agriculture.
Biology branched into sub-disciplines: Anatomy, Microbiology, Genetics, Taxonomy, Cell Biology, Embryology, Biochemistry, Physiology, and Molecular Biology.

Development of Biology

The study of cells' chemical composition became possible with the development of chemistry and X-ray crystallography.
The unit of analysis progressed from organism to organ to tissue to cell, and further to organelles and molecules.
Scientific expeditions and the discovery of new environments led to increased interest in collecting, cataloging, and studying organisms.

Ecology and Systems Ecology

Ecology was established by the late 19th century, focusing on the study of ecosystems.
The concept of ecosystems emerged in the mid-20th century, incorporating matter and energy flows.
Systems ecology, which began in the 1960s-1970s, studies the interactions within ecosystems.

Critique of Cartesian Science

Cartesian science believes that complex systems can be analyzed by understanding the properties of their parts.
Systems science argues that living systems cannot be understood by analyzing their parts, but rather by considering the larger whole.

Science 11 Course Overview

The course is divided into four units: Attributes and Properties of Living Systems, Biodiversity, Resource Conservation and Management, and Health and Wellness.
The course aims to provide a complex systems perspective on living systems, introducing students to the world of biology and encouraging mindful living.

Study Guide 1: Perspectives on Living Systems

The course will explore the concept of life, from energy and matter to cells, tissues, organs, and ecosystems.
The course aims to introduce students to the world of living systems, enabling them to make informed choices and live meaningfully.

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Description

Understand the significance of classical experiments in Biology, exploring controlled conditions to establish cause-and-effect relationships and their impact on medicine, food, and agriculture.