Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of short bones?
What is a characteristic of short bones?
- They have a medullary cavity
- They have a single center of ossification (correct)
- They are found in areas with minimal movement
- They are developed from multiple centers of ossification
What is the main function of sesamoid bones?
What is the main function of sesamoid bones?
- To aid tendon movement and prevent excessive tendon wear (correct)
- To transmit forces from muscles to bones
- To increase the range of motion in joints
- To provide leverage to muscles
What is the role of osteoclasts in bone maintenance?
What is the role of osteoclasts in bone maintenance?
- To support and maintain bone structure
- To reabsorb unwanted bone (correct)
- To form new bone matrix
- To differentiate into osteoblasts
What is the purpose of the Haversian canal in compact bone?
What is the purpose of the Haversian canal in compact bone?
What is the function of surface markings on bones?
What is the function of surface markings on bones?
What is the structure that gives bone its strength and flexibility?
What is the structure that gives bone its strength and flexibility?
What type of ossification produces flat, short, and irregular bones?
What type of ossification produces flat, short, and irregular bones?
What is the function of the bone collar in the formation of long bones?
What is the function of the bone collar in the formation of long bones?
What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone formation?
What is the primary function of osteoblasts in bone formation?
What is the result of vascularization in the diaphysis during endochondral ossification?
What is the result of vascularization in the diaphysis during endochondral ossification?
What type of cells are trapped in the mineralized matrix and become osteocytes?
What type of cells are trapped in the mineralized matrix and become osteocytes?
What is the site of secondary ossification centers in endochondral ossification?
What is the site of secondary ossification centers in endochondral ossification?
What is the primary determinant of muscle function?
What is the primary determinant of muscle function?
What is an example of muscle work?
What is an example of muscle work?
What is the main benefit of elastin molecules?
What is the main benefit of elastin molecules?
What is the main component of the organic matrix in bones?
What is the main component of the organic matrix in bones?
What is the primary function of proteoglycans in connective tissue?
What is the primary function of proteoglycans in connective tissue?
What is the benefit of the CRIMP structure in collagen?
What is the benefit of the CRIMP structure in collagen?
What is the primary function of hyaluronan in connective tissue?
What is the primary function of hyaluronan in connective tissue?
What is the primary function of glycosaminoglycans in connective tissue?
What is the primary function of glycosaminoglycans in connective tissue?
What is the primary function of Acetylcholinesterase in synaptic communication?
What is the primary function of Acetylcholinesterase in synaptic communication?
What is the role of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in the presynaptic neuron?
What is the role of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in the presynaptic neuron?
What is the result of the Ca2+ transient in the muscle fiber?
What is the result of the Ca2+ transient in the muscle fiber?
What type of contraction occurs when a muscle generates force while lengthening?
What type of contraction occurs when a muscle generates force while lengthening?
What is the main function of sesamoid bones in the body?
What is the main function of sesamoid bones in the body?
Which type of bone lacks a medullary cavity?
Which type of bone lacks a medullary cavity?
What is the primary determinant of muscle function?
What is the primary determinant of muscle function?
What is the function of osteogenic cells in bone development?
What is the function of osteogenic cells in bone development?
What is the effect of the arrangement of muscle fibers at the structural level?
What is the effect of the arrangement of muscle fibers at the structural level?
What is the purpose of the finger-like projections surrounding the Haversian canal in bone tissue?
What is the purpose of the finger-like projections surrounding the Haversian canal in bone tissue?
What is an example of muscle force?
What is an example of muscle force?
What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone maintenance?
What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone maintenance?
What is the characteristic of short bones that allows for greater range of motion in joints?
What is the characteristic of short bones that allows for greater range of motion in joints?
What is the result of muscle force on an object with mass?
What is the result of muscle force on an object with mass?
What is the structure that allows for effective material exchange and transport between bone cells and blood vessels?
What is the structure that allows for effective material exchange and transport between bone cells and blood vessels?
What is an example of muscle work?
What is an example of muscle work?
What is the relationship between muscle force and muscle work?
What is the relationship between muscle force and muscle work?
What is the function of surface markings on bones?
What is the function of surface markings on bones?
What is the effect of muscle architecture on tendons?
What is the effect of muscle architecture on tendons?
What is the role of gravity in the example of muscle force?
What is the role of gravity in the example of muscle force?
What is the characteristic of smooth muscle histology slides?
What is the characteristic of smooth muscle histology slides?
Which type of muscle contraction is voluntary?
Which type of muscle contraction is voluntary?
What is the difference between Type I and Type IIb muscle fibers?
What is the difference between Type I and Type IIb muscle fibers?
What is the function of multiple nuclei in skeletal muscle cells?
What is the function of multiple nuclei in skeletal muscle cells?
What is the characteristic of irregular arrangement in muscle cells?
What is the characteristic of irregular arrangement in muscle cells?
What is the characteristic of Type IIa muscle fibers?
What is the characteristic of Type IIa muscle fibers?
What is the purpose of Type IIb muscle fibers?
What is the purpose of Type IIb muscle fibers?
What is the main advantage of the muscle anatomy of quadrupedal herbivores?
What is the main advantage of the muscle anatomy of quadrupedal herbivores?
What is the function of the long tail in quadrupedal carnivores?
What is the function of the long tail in quadrupedal carnivores?
What is the primary advantage of the digitigrade stance in quadrupedal carnivores?
What is the primary advantage of the digitigrade stance in quadrupedal carnivores?
What is the main adaptation of bipedal locomotion in humans?
What is the main adaptation of bipedal locomotion in humans?
What is the function of the ECM in connective tissue?
What is the function of the ECM in connective tissue?
What is the primary function of the proximal hindlimb muscles in quadrupedal carnivores?
What is the primary function of the proximal hindlimb muscles in quadrupedal carnivores?
What is the main adaptation of flight in birds?
What is the main adaptation of flight in birds?
What is the main function of the connective tissue in locomotion?
What is the main function of the connective tissue in locomotion?
What is the function of the cross-links between elastin molecules?
What is the function of the cross-links between elastin molecules?
What is the main function of glycosaminoglycans in connective tissue?
What is the main function of glycosaminoglycans in connective tissue?
What is the characteristic of the CRIMP structure in collagen?
What is the characteristic of the CRIMP structure in collagen?
What is the primary component of the organic matrix in bones?
What is the primary component of the organic matrix in bones?
What is the function of proteoglycans in connective tissue?
What is the function of proteoglycans in connective tissue?
What is the purpose of hyaluronan in connective tissue?
What is the purpose of hyaluronan in connective tissue?
What is the function of ground substance in connective tissue?
What is the function of ground substance in connective tissue?
What is the structure that gives bone its strength and flexibility?
What is the structure that gives bone its strength and flexibility?
ATP binds to ______ head causing it to lose affinity for actin.
ATP binds to ______ head causing it to lose affinity for actin.
O Ca2+ ions can be stored back into the ______ when CaATPase hydrolyses ATP.
O Ca2+ ions can be stored back into the ______ when CaATPase hydrolyses ATP.
Simple reaction → very rapid ______ generation.
Simple reaction → very rapid ______ generation.
Tendon - Work in a controlled and regular manner - Structure: o Hierarchical arrangement of ______ fiber parallel to long axis of tendon.
Tendon - Work in a controlled and regular manner - Structure: o Hierarchical arrangement of ______ fiber parallel to long axis of tendon.
Tendons are stretchy → shorter muscle fibers are needed →∵short ∴contraction is limited → ↓______ cost of contraction.
Tendons are stretchy → shorter muscle fibers are needed →∵short ∴contraction is limited → ↓______ cost of contraction.
Tendons act as ______ in limbs of horses: stores elastic energy → release and recoils quickly when carpus buckles.
Tendons act as ______ in limbs of horses: stores elastic energy → release and recoils quickly when carpus buckles.
Ligament - Composition o 75% ______.
Ligament - Composition o 75% ______.
Cartilage - Composition o 10-20% ______ (mostly type II).
Cartilage - Composition o 10-20% ______ (mostly type II).
Cartilage adaptation in different ______.
Cartilage adaptation in different ______.
Cartilage ▪ ∵X blood supply to cartilage →↓[O2] → depends on ______ respiration.
Cartilage ▪ ∵X blood supply to cartilage →↓[O2] → depends on ______ respiration.
Muscle _____ is the push or pull on an object with mass that causes it to change velocity.
Muscle _____ is the push or pull on an object with mass that causes it to change velocity.
