Collagen Fibrils and Fibres
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of all proteins in the body is collagen estimated to represent?

  • 35 to 40 %
  • 10 to 15 %
  • 20 to 25 %
  • 25 to 30 % (correct)

    • How many genes are responsible for encoding the different types of collagen?

  • 30 genes
  • 45 genes
  • 35 genes
  • 40 genes (correct)

    • What is the approximate length of a collagen molecule?

  • 20 nanometres
  • 10 nanometres
  • 40 nanometres
  • 30 nanometres (correct)

    • What is the approximate diameter of fibrils that assemble laterally to form fibres?

    <p>10-300 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique feature of the sequence of amino acids in an alpha chain?

    <p>Glycine is present in every third space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total collagen is formed by fibres that provide mechanical strength?

    <p>80-90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of collagen is a common component of basement membranes?

    <p>Type IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the interactions between the polypeptide chains in a collagen molecule?

    <p>Coiled-coil interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the mechanical strength of collagen fibrils as they aggregate together to form fibres?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Type VII collagen in anchoring fibrils?

    <p>Anchoring cells to membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of FACITS in relation to fibrillar collagens?

    <p>They associate with fibrillar collagens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temporary matrix formed by fibronectin used for?

    <p>Cell migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the protein that forms a temporary matrix for epithelial cells to migrate across?

    <p>Fibronectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of collagen is enriched within the amniotic membrane?

    <p>Type VII</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the supramolecular structure of Type IV and Type VIII collagen in basement membranes?

    <p>Giving flexibility to the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the function of different types of fibrillar collagens within the same tissue?

    <p>How they are put together within the matrix of that tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of adhesive glycoproteins in the ECM?

    <p>To ensure specific interactions between cells and ECM molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of elastic fibres in the ECM?

    <p>Elastin core with microfibrils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glycoproteins in cell migration?

    <p>To regulate cell migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of collagen structures in the ECM?

    <p>To form anchoring fibrils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of proteoglycans in the ECM?

    <p>To regulate water content in tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of laminin in the ECM?

    <p>To ensure cell-matrix interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of disturbed ECM components in wound healing?

    <p>Tissue integrity is lost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the adaptation of ECM products and cells in a tissue related to?

    <p>Tissue adaptation to function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Collagen Structure and Function

    • Collagen is the most abundant protein in the body, representing 25-30% of all proteins.
    • There are 29 types of collagen, encoded by more than 40 genes (42 as of 2016).
    • Collagen molecules consist of 3 polypeptide chains (alpha chains), each over 1000 amino acids long, with a length of 30 nanometers and a width of 1.3 nanometers.

    Supramolecular Structures

    • Fibrils: 10-300 nm diameter, assemble into fibers of 2.5-3 microns in size, providing mechanical strength.
    • Fibres: 80-90% of total collagen, essential for mechanical strength.
    • Anchoring fibrils: essential for anchoring cells to membranes, e.g., epithelial membranes, and contain type VII collagen.
    • Network-forming collagen: e.g., type IV and type VIII collagen, found in basement membranes, providing flexibility.
    • FACITS (fibre-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices): associate with fibrillar collagens, e.g., type IX and type XII collagen.

    Collagen Function

    • Provides mechanical strength and flexibility to tissues.
    • Essential for cell matrix attachment, cell adhesion, and matrix organization.
    • Plays a crucial role in wound healing, e.g., fibronectin forms a temporary matrix for epithelial cells to migrate across.

    Other ECM Components

    • Glycoproteins (adhesive glycoproteins): e.g., laminin, vitronectin, and thrombospondin, essential for cell matrix attachment and regulation of cell migration.
    • Elastic fibers: contain elastin as the amorphous core protein with microfibrils, providing recoil properties.
    • Proteoglycans (PGs) and Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs): components of the ECM.

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    Related Documents

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    Description

    This quiz covers the assembly of collagen fibrils and fibres, their structures, and functions. It also touches on the mechanical strength and diversity of fibrillar collagens in tissues.

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