Questions and Answers
What is the process called when a gene for insulin is taken from a human cell and placed in a bacterium, allowing the bacterium to make human insulin?
Why is yeast used in bread-making?
What has not increased the world’s food production in the last 100 years?
What is the role of anaerobic respiration in bread-making?
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What term is used for the transference of a gene from one organism to another?
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Which products of anaerobic respiration are important for making beer and bread?
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Study Notes
Genetic Engineering and Processes
- Transferring a gene from a human cell to a bacterium to produce human insulin is known as genetic engineering.
- This modification allows bacteria to synthesize human proteins for medical purposes.
Yeast in Baking
- Yeast is essential in bread-making primarily to produce carbon dioxide, which helps the dough rise.
- Anaerobic respiration in yeast generates carbon dioxide and ethanol, contributing to the texture and flavor of bread.
Food Production Factors
- Over the last century, several factors have contributed to the increase in global food production, including artificial selection and the use of herbicides and pesticides.
- Natural selection has had a lesser role in the modern agricultural advancements seen today.
Respiration Types
- Anaerobic respiration is critical during bread-making, as it produces carbon dioxide gas, leading to the rising of the dough.
- Ethanol produced during fermentation also plays a role in flavoring the bread, but the primary effect on dough rise comes from carbon dioxide.
Gene Transfer Terminology
- The process involving the transference of a gene between organisms is described as genetic engineering.
- This technique is crucial for various biotechnological applications, allowing for the creation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts related to genetic engineering, yeast fermentation in baking, and factors influencing food production. Test your understanding of these vital biological processes and their applications in agriculture and food science.
