10 Questions
At what level of life organization is reproduction carried out on the basis of matrix synthesis?
cellular
What type of bonds hold complementary pairs of nucleotides of the double strand of DNA together?
hydrogen
What type of bonds connect nucleotides in the chain of a nucleic acid?
phosphodiester
What is the primary function of DNA?
stores genetic information
What is the primary function of t-RNA?
transports amino acids to the ribosome
Where is the DNA contained?
the nucleus, hyaloplasm and mitochondria
What is formed by eight molecules of histone proteins and a section of the DNA molecule that makes approximately 1.8 turns around them?
nucleosome
What is the name of a chromosome with arms p and q of the same length?
metacentric
During which period of the mitotic cycle does DNA synthesis occur?
synthetic
What is the centromeric index?
the ratio of the length of any arm to the length of the entire chromosome
Study Notes
Reproduction and Molecular Biology
- Reproduction carried out on the basis of matrix synthesis occurs at the subcellular level.
- Nitrogenous bases of the pyrimidine class include C and T.
DNA Structure and Function
- Complementary pairs of nucleotides in DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds.
- Nucleotides in a DNA chain are connected by phosphodiester bonds.
- DNA functions include storing genetic information and transferring genetic information to the ribosome.
RNA Functions
- t-RNA functions include transporting amino acids to the ribosome.
- i-RNA functions in eukaryotes do not include storing genetic information or transferring genetic information to the ribosome.
- r-RNA functions include participating in the formation of the ribosome structure.
Cellular Structure and Organization
- DNA is contained in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
- r-RNA is found in hyaloplasm and nucleus.
- A structure formed by eight molecules of histone proteins and a section of DNA is called a nucleosome.
Chromosome Structure and Classification
- A chromosome with arms p and q of the same length is called metacentric.
- A chromosome with arms p and q of slightly different lengths is called submetacentric.
- A chromosome with arms p and q of significantly different lengths is called acrocentric.
- A chromosome with one arm is called telocentric.
- The centromeric index is the ratio of the length of any arm to the length of the entire chromosome.
Mitotic Cycle
- DNA synthesis occurs during the synthetic period of the mitotic cycle.
Test your knowledge of molecular biology and genetics with this quiz, covering topics such as the level of life organization where reproduction occurs, nitrogenous bases, and DNA structure.
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