Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is biology the study of?
What is biology the study of?
Life
What is the group that does not receive the treatment called in an experiment?
What is the group that does not receive the treatment called in an experiment?
Control Group
What is the group that receives the treatment called in an experiment?
What is the group that receives the treatment called in an experiment?
Experimental Group
What is the data being collected and measured in an experiment called?
What is the data being collected and measured in an experiment called?
What is the variable that is manipulated in an experiment called?
What is the variable that is manipulated in an experiment called?
What type of data is descriptive in nature?
What type of data is descriptive in nature?
What type of data is numerical in nature?
What type of data is numerical in nature?
What is the metric unit for volume?
What is the metric unit for volume?
What is the metric unit for distance?
What is the metric unit for distance?
What is the metric unit for mass?
What is the metric unit for mass?
What is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment called?
What is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment called?
Which of the following are characteristics of all living things? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are characteristics of all living things? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are levels of cellular organization? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are levels of cellular organization? (Select all that apply)
What two things are located in the nucleus of an atom? (Select all that apply)
What two things are located in the nucleus of an atom? (Select all that apply)
What is NOT located in the nucleus of an atom?
What is NOT located in the nucleus of an atom?
What does the atomic number of an atom represent?
What does the atomic number of an atom represent?
If an atom has an atomic number of 10, how many protons does it have?
If an atom has an atomic number of 10, how many protons does it have?
If an atom is neutrally charged (no charge), how many electrons does it have?
If an atom is neutrally charged (no charge), how many electrons does it have?
What does the mass number of an atom represent?
What does the mass number of an atom represent?
What is adhesion?
What is adhesion?
What is high specific heat?
What is high specific heat?
Where are covalent bonds formed in a water molecule (H2O)?
Where are covalent bonds formed in a water molecule (H2O)?
Where are hydrogen bonds formed in water molecules (H2O)?
Where are hydrogen bonds formed in water molecules (H2O)?
Why are hydrogen bonds so important?
Why are hydrogen bonds so important?
What kind of bond is formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons?
What kind of bond is formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons?
What kind of bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
What kind of bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
What does pH measure?
What does pH measure?
What is a solution with a pH above 7 called?
What is a solution with a pH above 7 called?
What is an organic molecule?
What is an organic molecule?
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate called?
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate called?
What is the primary function of a carbohydrate?
What is the primary function of a carbohydrate?
Where are carbohydrates primarily located in the body?
Where are carbohydrates primarily located in the body?
Which of the following are examples of carbohydrates? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are examples of carbohydrates? (Select all that apply)
What is the monomer of a lipid called?
What is the monomer of a lipid called?
What is the primary function of a lipid?
What is the primary function of a lipid?
Where are lipids primarily located in the body?
Where are lipids primarily located in the body?
Which of the following are examples of lipids? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are examples of lipids? (Select all that apply)
What is the monomer of a protein called?
What is the monomer of a protein called?
Which of the following are functions of proteins? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are functions of proteins? (Select all that apply)
Where are proteins primarily located in the body?
Where are proteins primarily located in the body?
Which of the following are examples of proteins? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are examples of proteins? (Select all that apply)
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid called?
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid called?
Which of the following are functions of nucleic acids? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are functions of nucleic acids? (Select all that apply)
Where are nucleic acids primarily located in the body?
Where are nucleic acids primarily located in the body?
Which of the following are examples of nucleic acids? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are examples of nucleic acids? (Select all that apply)
What is the R-group in an amino acid?
What is the R-group in an amino acid?
What is dehydration synthesis?
What is dehydration synthesis?
What is hydrolysis?
What is hydrolysis?
What is an enzyme?
What is an enzyme?
How does an enzyme work regarding the activation energy of a reaction?
How does an enzyme work regarding the activation energy of a reaction?
What does an enzyme bind to?
What does an enzyme bind to?
What biomolecule are enzymes?
What biomolecule are enzymes?
What happens to enzymes after they are used in a reaction?
What happens to enzymes after they are used in a reaction?
Which of the following statements are part of Cell Theory? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following statements are part of Cell Theory? (Select all that apply)
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
What is the function of the chloroplast?
What is the function of the chloroplast?
What is chlorophyll?
What is chlorophyll?
What is the function of the nucleus?
What is the function of the nucleus?
What is the function of the lysosome?
What is the function of the lysosome?
What is the function of the cell wall (only in plant cells)?
What is the function of the cell wall (only in plant cells)?
What is the function of the cell membrane?
What is the function of the cell membrane?
What is a prokaryotic cell?
What is a prokaryotic cell?
What is active transport?
What is active transport?
What is osmosis?
What is osmosis?
What is a hypertonic solution?
What is a hypertonic solution?
What is an isotonic solution?
What is an isotonic solution?
What is facilitated diffusion?
What is facilitated diffusion?
What is photosynthesis?
What is photosynthesis?
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Which of the following are reactants of photosynthesis? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are reactants of photosynthesis? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are products of photosynthesis? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are products of photosynthesis? (Select all that apply)
What are stomata?
What are stomata?
How does ADP become ATP?
How does ADP become ATP?
What is the function of ATP in the cell?
What is the function of ATP in the cell?
What is an autotroph?
What is an autotroph?
What is cellular respiration?
What is cellular respiration?
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
Which of the following are reactants of cellular respiration? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are reactants of cellular respiration? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are products of cellular respiration? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are products of cellular respiration? (Select all that apply)
What is the order of the stages of cellular respiration?
What is the order of the stages of cellular respiration?
What does anaerobic mean?
What does anaerobic mean?
What is lactic acid fermentation?
What is lactic acid fermentation?
What is alcoholic fermentation?
What is alcoholic fermentation?
What is the Krebs Cycle?
What is the Krebs Cycle?
What is the Electron Transport Chain?
What is the Electron Transport Chain?
What part of the cell does aerobic cellular respiration take place?
What part of the cell does aerobic cellular respiration take place?
Flashcards
What is biology?
What is biology?
the study of life.
Control Group
Control Group
the group that does not receive the treatment.
Experimental Group
Experimental Group
the group that receives the treatment.
Dependent Variable
Dependent Variable
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Independent Variable
Independent Variable
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Qualitative Data
Qualitative Data
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Quantitative Data
Quantitative Data
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Metric unit for Volume
Metric unit for Volume
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Metric unit for Distance
Metric unit for Distance
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Metric unit for Mass
Metric unit for Mass
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Homeostasis
Homeostasis
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Characteristics of all living things
Characteristics of all living things
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Levels of Cellular Organization
Levels of Cellular Organization
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What two things are located in the nucleus?
What two things are located in the nucleus?
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What is NOT in the nucleus
What is NOT in the nucleus
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Atomic Number
Atomic Number
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If an atomic number is 10, how many protons does the atom have?
If an atomic number is 10, how many protons does the atom have?
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If the atom is neutrally charged (no charge), how many electrons does it have?
If the atom is neutrally charged (no charge), how many electrons does it have?
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Mass Number
Mass Number
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Adhesion
Adhesion
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Cohesion
Cohesion
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High Specific Heat
High Specific Heat
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Regarding water: where are Covalent Bonds formed?
Regarding water: where are Covalent Bonds formed?
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Regarding water: where are Hydrogen Bonds formed?
Regarding water: where are Hydrogen Bonds formed?
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Why are Hydrogen Bonds so important?
Why are Hydrogen Bonds so important?
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Covalent Bond
Covalent Bond
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Ionic Bond
Ionic Bond
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pH is a measure of...
pH is a measure of...
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Base
Base
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Acid
Acid
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Neutral
Neutral
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Organic Molecule
Organic Molecule
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Inorganic Molecule
Inorganic Molecule
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Study Notes
Biology Midterm Flashcards - Study Notes
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Biology: The study of life.
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Control Group: The group that does not receive the treatment.
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Experimental Group: The group that receives the treatment.
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Dependent Variable: The data collected; what is measured.
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Independent Variable: The variable that is manipulated.
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Qualitative Data: Descriptive data.
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Quantitative Data: Numerical data.
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Volume Metric Unit: Liter.
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Distance Metric Unit: Meter.
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Mass Metric Unit: Gram.
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Homeostasis: Maintaining a stable internal environment.
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Characteristics of Living Things: Order, reproduction, energy processing, growth, development, homeostasis, response to stimuli, and evolutionary adaptation.
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Levels of Cellular Organization: Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
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Nucleus Components: Protons and neutrons.
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Nucleus Exclusions: Electrons.
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Atomic Number: The number of protons in an atom.
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Protons in Atom with Atomic Number 10: 10.
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Electrons in a Neutral Atom with Atomic Number 10: 10.
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Mass Number: Number of protons + number of neutrons.
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Adhesion: Attraction between molecules of different substances. (e.g., meniscus).
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Cohesion: Attraction between molecules of the same substance. (e.g., water strider).
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High Specific Heat: Water's resistance to temperature changes. (e.g., moderates Earth's temperature).
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Covalent Bonds (in water): Between oxygen and hydrogen within a water molecule.
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Hydrogen Bonds (in water): Between one water molecule's hydrogen and another's oxygen. Stabilizing water.
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Covalent Bond: Atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.
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Ionic Bond: Electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
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pH: Measures acidity or basicity of a solution.
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Base: pH above 7 (right side of scale).
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Acid: pH below 7 (left side of scale).
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Neutral: pH of 7 (middle of scale).
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Organic Molecule: Contains carbon and hydrogen.
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Inorganic Molecule: Contains neither carbon nor hydrogen, or contains one but not the other.
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Carbohydrate Monomer: Monosaccharide.
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Carbohydrate Function: Quick energy.
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Carbohydrate Location: Blood and muscles.
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Carbohydrate Examples: Glucose, sucrose, cellulose.
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Lipid Monomer: Triglyceride (1 glycerol + 3 fatty acids).
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Lipid Function: Long-term energy storage.
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Lipid Location: Tissue.
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Lipid Examples: Fats, oils.
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Protein Monomer: Amino acid.
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Protein Functions: Enzymes, structure, and antibodies.
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Protein Location: Muscle, skin, hair.
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Protein Examples: Actin, enzymes, hemoglobin, casein, albumin, insulin, collagen.
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Nucleic Acid Monomer: Nucleotide.
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Nucleic Acid Functions: DNA (stores hereditary information), RNA (makes proteins).
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Nucleic Acid Location: Blood.
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Nucleic Acid Examples: DNA and RNA.
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Amino Acid R Group: The variable part, 20 different types.
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Dehydration Synthesis: Joining monomers to form polymers by removing water.
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Hydrolysis: Separating monomers by adding water.
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Enzyme: Protein catalyst that speeds up reactions— ending in "-ase."
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Enzyme and Activation Energy: Enzymes lower activation energy to speed up reactions.
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Enzyme Binding: Enzyme binds to the substrate.
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Enzyme Composition: Enzymes are proteins.
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Enzyme Reusability: Enzymes are not changed in reactions and can be reused.
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Cell Theory: All living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things, and new cells come from existing cells.
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Smooth ER Function: Lipid synthesis.
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Rough ER Function: Protein synthesis.
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Chloroplast Function: Site of photosynthesis; contains chlorophyll.
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Chlorophyll Function: Gives chloroplasts their green color.
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Cytoplasm Function: Holds organelles in place.
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Nucleus Function: Control center, holds DNA.
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Lysosome Function: Digests waste ("clean-up crew").
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Ribosome Function: Makes proteins; makes rough ER rough.
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Cell Wall Function (plant cells): Protects and supports the cell.
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Cell Membrane Function: Controls what enters and exits the cell.
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Prokaryotic Cells: Lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
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Eukaryotic Cells: Contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
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Active Transport: Movement against concentration gradient; requires energy.
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Osmosis: Movement of water across a membrane from high to low concentration.
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Hypertonic Solution: Higher solute concentration outside the cell; water moves out.
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Hypotonic Solution: Lower solute concentration outside the cell; water moves in.
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Isotonic Solution: Equal solute concentrations inside and outside the cell.
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Diffusion: Movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
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Facilitated Diffusion: Movement of molecules across membrane with transport proteins.
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Photosynthesis: Conversion of light energy to chemical energy.
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Photosynthesis Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
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Photosynthesis Reactants: Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight.
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Photosynthesis Products: Glucose and oxygen.
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Stomata: Small openings on leaves for gas exchange.
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ADP to ATP: Adding a phosphate group.
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ATP to ADP: Losing a phosphate group.
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ATP Function: Provides energy for cellular processes.
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Autotroph: Organism that makes its own food.
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Cellular Respiration: Breakdown of nutrients to produce ATP.
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Cellular Respiration Equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP).
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Cellular Respiration Reactants: Glucose and oxygen.
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Cellular Respiration Products: Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.
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Cellular Respiration Stages: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain.
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Anaerobic: Does not require oxygen.
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Lactic Acid Fermentation: Breakdown of carbohydrates producing lactic acid in muscle cells.
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Alcoholic Fermentation: Breakdown of sugars by yeast, producing carbon dioxide and ethanol.
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Glycolysis: "Sugar splitting"; first stage of cellular respiration; net gain of 2 ATP.
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Krebs Cycle: Second stage of cellular respiration; breaks down pyruvic acid.
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Electron Transport Chain: Third stage of cellular respiration; most ATP generated.
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Location of Aerobic Respiration: Mitochondria.
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Prepare for your biology midterm with these essential flashcards. Covering key concepts such as control groups, variables, and levels of cellular organization, these notes will help reinforce your understanding of the subject. Great for quick reviews and studying!
