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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of enzymes in metabolic reactions?
What is the main function of enzymes in metabolic reactions?
What defines constitutive enzymes?
What defines constitutive enzymes?
Which of the following accurately describes catabolism?
Which of the following accurately describes catabolism?
What happens during the denaturation of an enzyme?
What happens during the denaturation of an enzyme?
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What role do coenzymes play in enzymatic reactions?
What role do coenzymes play in enzymatic reactions?
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Study Notes
Metabolism
- Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body needed to maintain homeostasis.
- Two types of metabolism:
- Anabolism: the building up of macromolecules to build structural components and perform normal functions.
- Catabolism: breaking down macromolecules to produce energy.
Enzymes in Metabolism
- Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
- Enzymes do not become part of the products and are not consumed or altered during the reaction.
- Cofactors support the work of enzymes.
- Coenzymes are organic molecules, often derived from vitamins, that work with enzymes.
- Denaturation: weak bonds that maintain the native shape of an apoenzyme (an enzyme without its cofactors) are broken, causing a distortion of the enzyme's shape which prevents the substrate from attaching to the active site.
Enzyme Regulation
- Constitutive enzymes are present in constant amounts in a cell. The addition of more substrate doesn't increase the amount of these enzymes.
- The concentration of regulated enzymes in a cell increases or decreases in response to substrate levels.
- Control of enzyme synthesis can be accomplished by induction or repression of the enzyme.
Energy Storage
- Energy is mostly stored as ATP.
- Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions: electron donor paired with electron acceptor as energy is released and captured.
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Description
Test your knowledge on metabolism and the role of enzymes in biological processes. This quiz covers key concepts including anabolism, catabolism, enzyme function, and regulation. Perfect for students studying biology or biochemistry.
