25 Questions
What is the plural form of gonococcus?
Gonococci
What shape do Neisseriae resemble?
Paired kidney beans
What is the characteristic of the cell wall of Neisseriae?
Gram-negative
What is the alternative name for gonorrhoeae?
Gonococcus
What is the shape of the Neisseriae bacteria?
Cocci
What is the primary difference between the endotoxin of Neisseriae and enteric gram-negative rods?
The composition of the oligosaccharide component
What is the term for the endotoxin found in Neisseriae?
Lipooligosaccharide (LOS)
Which of the following bacteria is characterized by the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their endotoxin?
Enteric gram-negative rods
What is the key feature that distinguishes lipooligosaccharide (LOS) from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?
The length of the polysaccharide chain
Which of the following is a characteristic unique to the endotoxin of Neisseriae?
The composition of the oligosaccharide component
What is the primary function of Factor H in the complement system?
Inhibiting complement factor C3b
What is the typical treatment for a bacterial infection involving Veillonella?
Local application of antibiotic ointment
What is the role of FHBP on meningococci in relation to Factor H?
It binds to and recruits Factor H
What is the net effect of FHBP-mediated binding of Factor H on meningococci?
Reduced complement activation and increased bacterial survival
What is the Gram stain characteristic of Veillonella bacteria?
Gram-negative
What is the oxygen tolerance of Veillonella bacteria?
Anaerobic
What is the primary advantage of FHBP-mediated binding of Factor H for meningococci?
Evasion of the host's immune response and increased survival
What is the shape of Veillonella bacteria?
Coccus
What is the consequence of FHBP-mediated binding of Factor H on the host's immune response?
Reduced complement-mediated clearance of meningococci
How do Veillonella bacteria differ from most Bacillota?
Gram stain
What is the percentage of Veillonella strains that are resistant to penicillin?
More than 70%
What is the primary concern when dealing with Veillonella infections in humans?
The high resistance of Veillonella to penicillin
What is the significance of Veillonella's resistance to penicillin in clinical infections?
It is a significant concern that affects treatment outcomes
What is the implication of Veillonella's resistance to penicillin for healthcare professionals?
They should consider alternative treatment options
What is the primary reason why Veillonella infections are challenging to treat?
The infection is highly resistant to antibiotics
Study Notes
Neisseriae (Gonococcus)
- Gonococcus is also known as Neisseriae, with the plural form being gonococci.
- Neisseriae are gram-negative cocci that resemble paired kidney beans.
- The endotoxin of Neisseriae consists of lipooligosaccharide (LOS), unlike enteric gram-negative rods which have lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
- Factor H binding protein (FHBP) on meningococci binds Factor H, an inhibitor of complement factor C3b.
Treatment of Neisseriae Infections
- The usual treatment involves local application of antibiotic ointment, such as erythromycin.
Veillonella
- Veillonella are Gram-negative bacteria, which stain pink in Gram stain, and are anaerobic cocci.
- Unlike most Bacillota, which are Gram-positive bacteria, Veillonella are Gram-negative.
- Over 70% of Veillonella strains are resistant to penicillin when responsible for clinical infections in humans.
Learn about the important properties of Gonococcus, including its gram-negative and cocci characteristics. Understand the distinct shape of Neisseriae, resembling paired kidney beans.
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