25 Questions
What is the main characteristic of Fatty Liver (Steatosis)?
An abnormal accumulation of triacylglycerol inside liver cells
What type of fats accumulate inside liver cells in Fatty Liver (Steatosis)?
Triacylglycerol
What is the term used to describe the accumulation of fats inside liver cells?
Steatosis
Where does the abnormal accumulation of triacylglycerol occur in Fatty Liver (Steatosis)?
Inside liver cells
What is Fatty Liver also known as?
Steatosis
What happens when there is a decrease in essential fatty acids?
Decrease in phospholipid synthesis
What is the primary function of lipotropic factors?
To mobilize triacylglycerol from the liver
What is the characteristic of protein required for protein biosynthesis?
High biological value with essential amino acids
What is the result of decreased inositol, serine, or choline?
Decrease in phospholipid synthesis
What is the function of protein with high biological value?
To supply the body with essential amino acids
What is the result of oxidation of acetaldehyde?
Increased active acetate and subsequent lipogenesis
What is a consequence of undermobilization of fats from the liver?
Lipogenesis
What is the effect of acetaldehyde oxidation on protein synthesis?
It decreases protein synthesis
What is the relationship between acetaldehyde oxidation and lipogenesis?
Acetaldehyde oxidation promotes lipogenesis
What happens when the liver's capacity to synthesize VLDL is exceeded?
Triacylglycerol accumulates
What is the effect of undermobilization of fats from the liver on lipogenesis?
It promotes lipogenesis
What is the result of triacylglycerol accumulation in the liver?
Fatty liver
What is the role of the liver in VLDL synthesis?
To synthesize VLDL
What is the relationship between VLDL synthesis and triacylglycerol accumulation?
VLDL synthesis decreases triacylglycerol accumulation
What is the consequence of exceeding the liver's capacity to synthesize VLDL?
Fatty liver
What is required for the biosynthesis of methyl groups for Choline?
Folic acid & B12
Which of the following substances is known to inhibit lipid peroxidation?
Vitamin E
What is the function of methionine and glycine betaine in Choline biosynthesis?
Provide labile methyl groups
Which of the following is not directly related to choline biosynthesis?
Vitamin E
What is the relationship between inositol and choline?
No direct relationship
Study Notes
Fatty Liver (Steatosis)
- Fatty liver is an abnormal accumulation of triacylglycerol inside liver cells, exceeding the liver's capacity to synthesize VLDL.
- Triacylglycerol accumulation leads to fatty liver, triggered by the oxidation of acetaldehyde, increasing active acetate and subsequent lipogenesis.
- Underlying pathological changes include:
- Undermobilization of fats from the liver
- Decreased protein synthesis
- Decreased phospholipids synthesis
- Decreased essential fatty acids
- Decreased nitrogenous bases (e.g., inositol, serine, or choline)
Lipotropic Factors
- Lipotropic factors are essential for the mobilization of triacylglycerol from the liver.
- Substances necessary for lipotropic factors include:
- Protein of high biological value, supplying essential amino acids
- Inositol
- Choline
- Folic acid and B12, needed for the biosynthesis of methyl groups for choline
- Methionine and glycine betaine, containing labile methyl groups for choline biosynthesis
- Vitamin E, which inhibits lipid peroxidation
Learn about fatty liver, also known as steatosis, its definition, and pathological changes. This quiz covers the abnormal accumulation of certain fats inside liver cells.
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