Biology Digestive and Respiratory Systems Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What role does the gallbladder play in the digestive process?

  • Absorbs nutrients and water from the chyme
  • Stores bile produced by the liver (correct)
  • Produces bile needed for fat digestion
  • Releases digestive enzymes into the bloodstream

    • Which component of the digestive system is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption?

  • Duodenum
  • Large intestine
  • Small intestine (correct)
  • Stomach

    • What triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder into the duodenum?

  • Elevated blood glucose levels
  • The activation of digestive enzymes in the pancreas
  • The presence of food in the stomach
  • The arrival of chyme in the duodenum (correct)

    • How does insulin affect blood sugar levels after eating?

    <p>It causes glucose to move from the blood into body cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

    <p>Facilitating gas exchange with capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are primarily responsible for the mechanical process of inhalation?

    <p>Intercostal muscles and diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do villi and microvilli serve in the small intestine?

    <p>Absorb nutrients and increase surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the process of exhalation in the respiratory system?

    <p>Diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, reducing cavity volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements describes the role of capillaries in the respiratory system?

    <p>They allow gas exchange between the alveoli and blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the nasal and oral cavities in respiration?

    <p>To warm, filter, and humidify the incoming air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures are primarily involved in the regulation of breathing?

    <p>Medulla and Pons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary driver of changes in breathing regulation?

    <p>Changes in blood pH, $CO_2$, and O₂ levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during external respiration?

    <p>Gas exchange between alveoli and blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during diastole?

    <p>The atria fill with blood and blood pressure is approximately 80 mmHg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During internal respiration, which gas diffuses into the capillaries?

    <p>$CO_2$ from body cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valves are open during systole?

    <p>Pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process describes the movement of oxygen from the capillaries into body cells?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the 'LUB' sound in the heart?

    <p>The closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical blood pressure reading that is considered normal?

    <p>140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at the end of systole?

    <p>The aortic valves close, leading to the 'DUB' heart sound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of platelets in the blood system?

    <p>Aiding in blood clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood away from the heart?

    <p>Arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of capillaries aids in their function within the circulatory system?

    <p>They are only one cell thick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blood cell is primarily involved in the immune response?

    <p>White blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a shared feature of alveoli, villi, microvilli, and capillaries?

    <p>They all increase surface area for specific functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the liver in relation to digestion?

    <p>Stores glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the systemic circuit?

    <p>Delivers oxygen-rich blood throughout the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the sinoatrial node (SA) play in the heart?

    <p>Acts as the pacemaker of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the cardiac cycle delay caused by the atrioventricular node (AV)?

    <p>Atria contract before ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure prevents backflow from the ventricles to the atria?

    <p>Bicuspid valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the pulmonary circuit, what type of blood is primarily transported?

    <p>Oxygen-poor blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for increasing the surface area for nutrient absorption in the small intestine?

    <p>Villi and microvilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the coronary circuit?

    <p>To deliver oxygenated blood to the heart muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

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