Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following components is NOT a part of a nucleotide?
Which of the following components is NOT a part of a nucleotide?
- Nitrogenous base
- 5-carbon sugar
- Phosphate group
- Amino acid (correct)
DNA strands run parallel to each other in a double helix.
DNA strands run parallel to each other in a double helix.
False (B)
What type of bond connects successive nucleotides in a DNA strand?
What type of bond connects successive nucleotides in a DNA strand?
phosphodiester bond
During DNA replication, the enzyme __________ is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing strand.
During DNA replication, the enzyme __________ is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing strand.
Match the DNA bases with their complementary base pairs:
Match the DNA bases with their complementary base pairs:
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
Transcription is the process of synthesizing protein from an RNA template.
Transcription is the process of synthesizing protein from an RNA template.
What enzyme synthesizes RNA during transcription?
What enzyme synthesizes RNA during transcription?
Unlike DNA, RNA contains the base __________ instead of thymine.
Unlike DNA, RNA contains the base __________ instead of thymine.
Match the following terms with their roles in transcription:
Match the following terms with their roles in transcription:
What type of bond connects amino acids in a protein?
What type of bond connects amino acids in a protein?
Denaturation always results in the complete loss of a protein's function and structure.
Denaturation always results in the complete loss of a protein's function and structure.
What is the role of tRNA in translation?
What is the role of tRNA in translation?
The primary structure of a protein refers to its __________ .
The primary structure of a protein refers to its __________ .
Match the translation sites on a ribosome:
Match the translation sites on a ribosome:
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
Mitosis results in two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Mitosis results in two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?
What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?
__________ are proteins that promote cell division when activated and can lead to cancer if mutated.
__________ are proteins that promote cell division when activated and can lead to cancer if mutated.
Match each phase of mitosis with its event:
Match each phase of mitosis with its event:
Flashcards
What is DNA?
What is DNA?
A polymer of nucleotides forming a double helix structure.
What is a nucleotide?
What is a nucleotide?
A five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
What are the four DNA bases?
What are the four DNA bases?
Adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
What are phosphodiester bonds?
What are phosphodiester bonds?
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What is polarity in DNA?
What is polarity in DNA?
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What is DNA base pairing?
What is DNA base pairing?
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What is transcription?
What is transcription?
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What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
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What is the template strand?
What is the template strand?
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What is RNA polymerase?
What is RNA polymerase?
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What are enhancers, promoters and terminators?
What are enhancers, promoters and terminators?
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What are proteins?
What are proteins?
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What is translation?
What is translation?
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What are the initiation, elongation and termination?
What are the initiation, elongation and termination?
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What is binary fission?
What is binary fission?
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What are Mitosis and Cytokinesis?
What are Mitosis and Cytokinesis?
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What is DNA polymerase?
What is DNA polymerase?
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What is mitosis?
What is mitosis?
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What are cyclins?
What are cyclins?
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What is the p53 protein?
What is the p53 protein?
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Study Notes
- Exam #4 set for Thursday, April 3, at 4pm in room 1101 KHS.
Chapter 4 Vocabulary
- Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
- RNA
- Nucleotide
- Sugar
- Base
- Phosphate group
- Deoxyribose
- Purine
- Pyrimidine
- Phosphodiester bond
- Polarity
- 5' end
- 3' end
- Major groove
- Minor groove
- Antiparallel
- Complementary
- Replication
- Mutation
- Transcription
- Translation
- Gene expression
- Gene
- RNA polymerase
- Template strand
- Nontemplate strand
- Initiation
- Elongation
- Termination
- Messenger RNA (mRNA)
- Key people in the field of DNA study: Franklin, Wilkins, Watson, and Crick.
Chapter 5 Vocabulary
- Amino group
- Carboxyl group
- R group (or side chain)
- Peptide bond
- Amino end
- Carboxyl end
- Polypeptide
- Primary structure
- Secondary structure
- Tertiary structure
- Quaternary structure
- α (alpha) helix
- β (beta) sheet
- Denaturation
- Translation
- Messenger RNA (mRNA)
- Ribosome
- Aminoacyl (A) site
- Peptidyl (P) site
- Exit (E) site
- Codon
- Reading frame
- Anticodon
- Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
- Genetic code
- Initiation
- Elongation
- Termination
- Initiation factor
- Elongation factor
- Release factor
- Gene regulation
- Posttranslational modification
- Protein sorting (or targeting)
- Signal sequence.
Chapter 11 Vocabulary
- Cell division
- DNA replication
- Cell cycle
- Binary fission
- Mitosis
- Cytokinesis
- Chromosome
- M phase
- Interphase
- S phase
- G1 phase
- G2 phase
- G0 phase
- Replication fork
- Template strand
- Daughter strand
- Semiconservative replication
- Helicase
- Single-strand binding protein
- Topoisomerase
- DNA polymerase
- RNA primase
- Leading strand
- Lagging strand
- Okazaki fragment
- DNA ligase
- Proofreading
- Origin of replication
- Replication bubble
- Karyotype
- Homologous chromosomes
- Haploid
- Diploid
- Sister chromatids
- Centromere
- Chromosome condensation
- Prophase
- Mitotic spindle
- Prometaphase
- Kinetochore
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Contractile ring
- Cyclin
- Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)
- Checkpoint
- Oncogene
- Proto-oncogene
- Tumor suppressor
- Cancer
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