Biology Chapter on Living Organisms and Plants
45 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a distinguishing feature of leaves from monocotyledons?

  • Reticulated leaf veins
  • Narrow and grass-like leaves (correct)
  • Web-like leaf structures
  • Broad leaf shapes

    • Viruses are considered living things because they can carry out life processes independently.

    False

    What are the two types of genetic material that can be found inside a virus?

    RNA or DNA

    What is the process by which an organism detects stimuli and makes appropriate responses?

    <p>Sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Leaves from dicotyledons have __________ leaf veins.

    <p>reticulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics to their types of plant:

    <p>Monocotyledons = Parallel leaf veins Dicotyledons = Broad and varied leaf shapes Viruses = Non-living entities Both monocots and dicots = Flowering plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Growth in organisms solely refers to an increase in mass without any change in cell number.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of respiration in living organisms?

    <p>To release energy for metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Living organisms must remove _________ products of metabolism from their bodies.

    <p>waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of living organisms?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each characteristic of living organisms to its description:

    <p>Movement = Changing position or place Excretion = Removal of waste Growth = Increase in size or mass Nutrition = Taking in materials for energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Photosynthesis is the primary method of nutrition in animals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the mnemonic used to remember the characteristics of living organisms.

    <p>MRS.GREN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of classification systems in biology?

    <p>To identify evolutionary relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Classification based on physical features is always accurate for determining evolutionary relationships.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common traits do all mammals share according to classification systems?

    <p>Bodies covered in hair, feeding young from mammary glands, and external ears.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Classification systems originally used _________ to categorize organisms.

    <p>morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of classification systems do simple dichotomous keys help with?

    <p>Identifying species based on features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following characteristics to their associated classification group:

    <p>Mammals = Bodies covered in hair Birds = Feathers and beaks Reptiles = Scales and cold-blooded Amphibians = Life cycle including water stages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using DNA to classify organisms provides a complete understanding of their evolutionary relationships.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using physical characteristics has many ___________ that can lead to incorrect classifications.

    <p>limitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT true for all animals?

    <p>They are unicellular.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plants feed exclusively by photosynthesis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the five classes of vertebrates.

    <p>Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians, Fish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All cells in plants contain ______ and cellulose cell walls.

    <p>chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Vertebrates = Organisms with a backbone Multicellular = Organisms made up of multiple cells Nucleus = Control center of the cell Chloroplasts = Sites of photosynthesis in plant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group does NOT include multicellular organisms?

    <p>Prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All fungi feed through photosynthesis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature distinguishes vertebrates from invertebrates?

    <p>The presence of a backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pigment in plants is responsible for absorbing sunlight for photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All flowering plants reproduce by spores.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one type of plant that is categorized as a dicotyledon.

    <p>Sunflower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ferns reproduce by _____ produced on the underside of their fronds.

    <p>spores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of plants with their characteristics:

    <p>Monocotyledons = Seeds produced inside the ovary of a flower Dicotyledons = Flowers with petals in multiples of 4 or 5 Ferns = Reproduce by spores Wheat = Example of a monocotyledon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you distinguish between monocotyledons and dicotyledons?

    <p>By flower petal arrangement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All parts of plants in the plant kingdom are green due to chlorophyll.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of leaves do ferns have?

    <p>Fronds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology has advanced our ability to classify organisms scientifically?

    <p>Microscopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Studies show that the more similar the DNA base sequences of two species, the more distantly related they are.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does DNA sequencing allow us to determine about different species?

    <p>How closely related different species are</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The first division of living things in the classification system is into five _______.

    <p>kingdoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following organisms with their classification based on DNA sequence similarity:

    <p>Brachinus armiger = More distantly related to other species Brachinus hirsutus = More distantly related to other species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which base sequence difference is noted between Brachinus armiger and Brachinus hirsutus?

    <p>Brachinus armiger has T and Brachinus hirsutus has A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Similarities in amino acid sequences among proteins can also indicate how closely related organisms are.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does relatedness among mammals compare to other vertebrate groups based on DNA?

    <p>Mammals' DNA is more closely related to each other than to any other vertebrate groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Characteristics of Living Organisms

    • Movement: An action causing a change in position or place.
    • Respiration: Chemical reactions breaking down nutrients, releasing energy.
    • Sensitivity: Ability to detect or sense stimuli and respond.
    • Growth: Permanent increase in size and mass.
    • Reproduction: Processes that make more organisms of the same kind.
    • Excretion: Removing waste products and excess materials.
    • Nutrition: Taking in and using materials for energy, growth, and development.

    Examiner Tips and Tricks

    • Use the mnemonic MRS GREN to remember the life processes.

    Concept & Uses of Classification Systems

    • A species is a group of organisms that can produce fertile offspring.
    • Linnaeus developed a system classifying organisms into smaller and more specialized groups.
    • The binomial system uses Latin names, with the genus (capital) and species (lowercase).
    • The structure of the classification is: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

    Linnaeus's System of Classification

    • The system sorts organisms by shared characteristics, from general to specific.
    • The system illustrated is Kingdom → Animalia, Phylum → Chordata, Class → Mammalia, Order → Primates, Family → Hominidae, Genus → Homo, Species → Homo sapiens.

    Dichotomous Keys

    • Dichotomous keys are used to identify organisms.

    • They give two choices at a time, leading to the organism's name.

    • One should choose the appropriate step in each question.

    • The process is repeated until the organism is identified.

    • Use the mnemonic KING PHILIP CAME OVER FOR GRAN'S SPAGHETTI to remember the order.

    The Five Kingdoms

    • The main divisions of living organisms.
    • Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protoctists, Prokaryotes.

    Main features of all animals:

    • Multicellular.
    • Contain nuclei, without cell walls or chloroplasts.
    • Feed on organic substances from other living things.

    Main features of all plants:

    • Multicellular.
    • Contain nuclei, chloroplasts, and have cell walls made of cellulose.
    • Feed by photosynthesis.

    Main features of all fungi

    • Usually multicellular.
    • Have nuclei and cell walls that do not consist of cellulose.
    • Do not photosynthesize. Instead, they feed on dead or decaying matter or live organisms.

    Main features of all protoctists:

    • Mostly unicellular but some are multicellular.
    • Contain nuclei; some have cell walls or chloroplasts.
    • Some photosynthesise; some feed on other living things.

    Main features of all prokaryotes

    • Often unicellular.
    • Contain cell walls and cytoplasm but no nuclei or mitochondria.

    The Plant Kingdom

    • Plants use photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy.
    • Plants have leaves, stems, and roots.
    • Plants can be divided into monocotyledons and dicotyledons.

    Viruses

    • Viruses are not considered living things.
    • They do not carry out life processes independently but take over a host's metabolic pathways.
    • A virus is simply genetic material inside a protein coat.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Cambridge CIE IGCSE Biology PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on key concepts in biology, including the characteristics and classifications of living organisms, the features of monocotyledons and dicotyledons, as well as the processes of respiration and growth. This quiz will cover important terms and definitions that are essential for a comprehensive understanding of biology in this chapter.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser