Biology Chapter on Cells and Systems

<p>Muscle tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To break down food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protection, defense, and body temperature regulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulates gas levels in the blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Totipotent cells can differentiate into any cell type, differentiated cells have a specific function. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Defense against pathogens and return of lymphatic fluid to blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organ systems work together to maintain homeostasis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coordination of growth, metabolism, reproduction, and physiological homeostasis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulation of blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The axial region includes the head, neck, and trunk, the appendicular region includes the arms and legs and their girdles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The musculoskeletal system provides storage space for blood cell precursors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell differentiation allows cells to perform highly specialized functions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tissue arrangement and organization determine the unique structure and capability of an organ. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The behavior of individual cells significantly impacts the function of tissues, organs, and the organism as a whole. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The membrane that surrounds the heart (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To separate the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bladder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pelvic cavity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epi- (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Superior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Umbilical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lumbar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypogastric (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Left Hypogastric Quadrant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The body is upright, with palms facing anteriorly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coronal (Frontal) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midsagittal (Medial) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homeostasis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abdominal cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To lubricate and reduce friction between organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cranial cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pleura (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diaphragm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The visceral layer is closest to the organs, while the parietal layer lines the cavity wall. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True cavities are lined with serous membranes, while general hollow areas are not. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is surrounded by bone. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Set Point (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sensor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bringing about a change to alter the stimulus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative feedback (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative feedback opposes the initial change, while positive feedback enhances it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contractions during childbirth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to maintain a constant internal environment despite external changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sum of chemical reactions that drive life functions in organisms.

The process of building large molecules from small molecules in metabolism.

The process of breaking large molecules into smaller ones in metabolism.

The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes around it.

Hierarchy of biological structures: Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System, Organismal.

The body region that includes the head, neck, and trunk.

The body region that includes the arms and legs.

A hollow, fluid-filled space in the body.

The cavity encased in bone that houses the brain and spinal cord.

Part of the dorsal cavity that houses the brain.

A larger cavity located at the front of the body, which includes thoracic and abdominopelvic regions.

Membranes surrounding organs in the ventral cavity that reduce friction.

Two layers of the serosa; parietal lines the cavity wall, visceral covers the organs.

The muscle that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.

A scientific theory that describes the properties of cells, stating that all living organisms consist of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells arise from preexisting cells.

All cells share three basic components: a membrane, genetic material, and cytosolic fluid, crucial for maintaining homeostasis and function.

The process where cells develop specific features and functions, usually irreversible, starting from totipotent stem cells to specialized cells.

There are four basic types of tissues: epithelium (covering), connective (support), muscle (movement), and nervous (control).

Structures composed of two or more tissues that work together for a specific complex function, highlighting the interdependence of tissues.

Consists of skin, hair, nails, and glands, providing protection, defense, and regulating body temperature.

Includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, responsible for detecting signals and coordinating physiological responses.

Composed of bones, muscles, and connective tissue, it supports movement, protects organs, and produces blood cells.

Includes nasal passages, trachea, and lungs, facilitating gas exchange and regulating blood oxygen levels.

Consists of the heart and blood vessels, responsible for circulating blood and materials throughout the body.

Defends against pathogens and includes lymphoid tissues, spleen, and lymph nodes, returning lymph fluid to the bloodstream.

Composed of hormone-secreting glands regulating growth, metabolism, and homeostasis in the body.

Includes kidneys and urinary organs that regulate blood composition, plasma volume, and waste excretion.

Involves mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines, coordinating digestion and nutrient absorption.

Refers to the main body regions: axial (head, neck, trunk) and appendicular (arms and legs), used to locate structures in anatomy.

The substance or process being regulated in homeostasis.

The change in the variable that triggers the homeostatic response.

The body structure that detects stimuli in the regulatory system.

Interprets input from the receptor and initiates change through the effector.

The structure that brings about change to alter the stimulus.

The normal range for the variable being regulated.

Regulatory mechanism that causes the variable to change opposite the initial change.

Two compartments surrounding the lungs, lined by pleura.

Inner layer of pleura associated with the lungs.

Outer layer of pleura associated with the thoracic wall.

Mid-compartment of the thoracic cavity housing the heart and major vessels.

Space around the heart filled with serous fluid.

Outer layer of the pericardium forming the fibrous sac around the heart.

Inner layer of pericardium that directly covers the heart.

Cavity below the diaphragm, containing abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Superior section of the abdominopelvic cavity, housing digestive organs.

Inferior section of the abdominopelvic cavity containing reproductive organs.

Nine partitions used to describe areas in the abdominopelvic cavity.

Terms used to describe the location of body parts relative to each other.

Imaginary lines dividing the body into sections for anatomical study.

Divide the body into anterior and posterior parts.