Biology Chapter on Cell Division and Genetics
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes a monomer from a polymer?

  • Polymers are simple sugars, while monomers are complex carbohydrates.
  • Polymers are single-unit molecules, whereas monomers consist of multiple units.
  • Monomers are the building blocks of polymers. (correct)
  • Monomers are larger molecules formed by multiple subunits.

    • In a potato osmosis lab, which of the following best describes what happened?

  • Both water and sugars moved freely across the cell membranes.
  • Water moved out of the potato cells due to high sugar concentration outside. (correct)
  • Water moved across the potato cell membranes only.
  • Sugars moved into the potato cells from the surrounding environment.

    • How many autosomes and sex chromosomes are present in a human somatic cell?

  • 46 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.
  • 23 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome.
  • 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes. (correct)
  • 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome.

    • What is the correct order from smallest to largest of the following terms: Tissue, Atom, Cell, Organism, Organ System, Organ, Molecule?

    <p>Atom, Molecule, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a horse has 64 chromosomes in each somatic cell, how many chromosomes will be present in each daughter cell after mitosis?

    <p>64 chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of cells are gametes during sexual reproduction?

    <p>Haploid cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During sexual reproduction in humans, the zygote is formed by the combination of what kinds of cells?

    <p>Diploid cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during crossing over in meiosis?

    <p>Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After mitosis, how do the daughter cells compare to the parent cell?

    <p>Daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of meiosis?

    <p>To create genetic variation for sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during nondisjunction?

    <p>Chromosomes fail to separate properly during cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of sister chromatids?

    <p>They are identical copies of a chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the chromosome number of daughter cells produced by meiosis compare to the parent cell?

    <p>Daughter cells are haploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

    <p>Anaphase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which axis on a graph typically represents the independent variable?

    <p>X-axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a constant in an experiment?

    <p>Conditions that remain the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which organelle does cellular respiration occur?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of body cell would have more mitochondria?

    <p>Muscle cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean for a membrane to be selectively permeable?

    <p>It regulates which substances can enter or exit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>It shrinks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is facilitated diffusion?

    <p>Movement of large or polar substances using transport proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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