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Questions and Answers
Which process is responsible for the reduction of chromosome number?
Which process is responsible for the reduction of chromosome number?
During which phase of the cell cycle do most cell organelles duplicate?
During which phase of the cell cycle do most cell organelles duplicate?
Which type of cells do not divide once they are differentiated?
Which type of cells do not divide once they are differentiated?
What is the main difference between dividing an animal and plant cell?
What is the main difference between dividing an animal and plant cell?
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In which type of cells does mitosis occur?
In which type of cells does mitosis occur?
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What is the reason why interphase is referred to as the resting stage?
What is the reason why interphase is referred to as the resting stage?
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Which process is responsible for the conservation of a specific chromosome number?
Which process is responsible for the conservation of a specific chromosome number?
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When does cell division take place?
When does cell division take place?
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What is the significance of the stage at which chromosome condensation is completed and can be easily visualised under a microscope?
What is the significance of the stage at which chromosome condensation is completed and can be easily visualised under a microscope?
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What is the main reason why mitosis is called equational division?
What is the main reason why mitosis is called equational division?
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What is the stage of the cell cycle where intense synthesis and growth occurs?
What is the stage of the cell cycle where intense synthesis and growth occurs?
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What is the main function of the kinetochore?
What is the main function of the kinetochore?
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What is the relationship between the number of chromosomes and the amount of DNA in a somatic cell that has just completed the S phase of its cell cycle when compared to the gamete of the same species?
What is the relationship between the number of chromosomes and the amount of DNA in a somatic cell that has just completed the S phase of its cell cycle when compared to the gamete of the same species?
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What is the main reason why mitosis is essential for the growth of multicellular organisms?
What is the main reason why mitosis is essential for the growth of multicellular organisms?
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What is the stage of mitosis where the nuclear membrane disappears?
What is the stage of mitosis where the nuclear membrane disappears?
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During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?
During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?
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What is the correct sequence of events during meiosis?
What is the correct sequence of events during meiosis?
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What is the result of the crossing over or gene exchange that takes place during meiosis?
What is the result of the crossing over or gene exchange that takes place during meiosis?
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Where do spindle fibers attach during mitosis?
Where do spindle fibers attach during mitosis?
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What is the term for the division of parent cell into two identical daughter cells having the same amount of DNA as in parent cell?
What is the term for the division of parent cell into two identical daughter cells having the same amount of DNA as in parent cell?
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What is NOT a characteristic feature of mitosis in somatic cells?
What is NOT a characteristic feature of mitosis in somatic cells?
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During which stage of meiosis does the disappearance of nucleolus occur?
During which stage of meiosis does the disappearance of nucleolus occur?
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What is the result of crossing over during meiosis?
What is the result of crossing over during meiosis?
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What is the purpose of the spindle fibers during mitosis?
What is the purpose of the spindle fibers during mitosis?
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Study Notes
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
- Meiosis is significant because it increases genetic variability, helps in the conservation of specific chromosome number, and is important for evolution.
- Most cell organelles duplicate during the S-phase.
- Meiosis is the reduction division.
- The main difference between dividing an animal and plant cell lies in cell plate formation.
- Nerve cells do not divide once they are differentiated.
- Mitosis occurs in diploid cells.
- Interphase is also called the resting stage because no visible changes occur in the nucleus.
- Diploid somatic cells are divided by mitosis.
Meiosis
- Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes in daughter cells.
- Meiosis produces four genetically dissimilar cells due to crossing over or gene exchange.
- Crossing over is initiated at the pachytene stage.
- Anaphase I is characterized by the separation of homologous chromosomes.
- Interkinesis is a short-lived phase between meiotic divisions I and II.
- Condensation of chromosomes is completed in the prophase stage and can be easily visualized under a microscope.
Mitosis
- Mitosis is called equational division because it is the division of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells having the same amount of DNA as the parent cell.
- Mitosis is essential for the growth of multicellular organisms.
- Kinetochore is essential for cell division, serving as the site of attachment of spindle fibers to the chromosome.
- Spindle fibers attach to the kinetochore of the chromosome.
Cell Cycle
- The interphase is considered the most active stage of the cell cycle, being a period of intense synthesis and growth.
- Disappearance of the nuclear membrane is generally essential for karyokinesis.
- The stage between two meiotic divisions (I and II) is referred to as interkinesis.
- In oocytes, diplotene can last for months or years, during which chromosomes decondense and engage in RNA synthesis.
Cell Division
- Cell division takes place when the cell attains optimum growth.
- Cell division occurs in haploid cells.
- Cell division is characterized by the separation of chromatids.
- Centromere splitting occurs in anaphase stage.
- In some social insects, haploid cells divide by mitosis.
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Description
Test your knowledge of meiosis, cell division, and the significance of these processes in biology. Questions cover the stages of meiosis, the role of centromeres, and the importance of these processes in genetics and evolution.
