Biology Chapter on Biomolecules and Cells

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Which biomolecule functions as short-term energy?

Carbohydrates (correct)
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Fats

Which organelle helps maintain homeostasis by controlling what goes in and out of the cell?

Cell membrane (correct)
Nucleus
Ribosome
Mitochondria

What is the primary pigment responsible for capturing light energy during photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll (correct)
Phycocyanin
Carotene
Xanthophyll

What is the monomer of proteins called?

Amino acids (C) Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow, replicate DNA, and carry out normal cell processes?

Interphase (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cellular respiration in cells?

To make energy (ATP) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three stages of cellular respiration?

Fermentation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where in a eukaryotic cell is DNA found?

Nucleus (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic building block or monomer of DNA?

Nucleotides (B) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of viruses are considered pathogenic?

5% (C) Signup and view all the answers

Mitosis

The process by which a cell divides its nucleus and chromosomes into two identical nuclei. It is a crucial part of the cell cycle, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic material.

Prokaryote

A type of cell that is characterized by a lack of a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles. It is generally smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells.

Ribosomes

A small organelle that is responsible for the production of proteins within the cell. These organelles are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

What is the function of the cell membrane?

The cell membrane functions like a gatekeeper, regulating what enters and leaves the cell. It helps maintain the cell's internal environment and enables communication with other cells.

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Meiosis

A form of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This ensures genetic diversity in offspring.

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Cellular Respiration

The process by which cells break down glucose to produce energy (ATP). It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.

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