Biology Chapter: Cell Structure and Function

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Which of the following characteristics is NOT true of eukaryotic cells?

They are found in multicellular organisms.

They contain a nucleus.

They have a cell wall. (correct)

They have membrane-bound organelles.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between plant and animal cells?

Plant cells have a cell wall, while animal cells do not. (correct)

Plant cells have a small central vacuole, while animal cells have a large one.

Animal cells have chloroplasts, while plant cells do not.

Animal cells have a more fixed, rectangular shape, while plant cells are round and irregular.

Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

Presence of a nucleus.

Presence of membrane-bound organelles.

Presence of a cell wall.

Presence of DNA. (correct)

All of the above

Which of the following organelles is responsible for photosynthesis in plants?

Chloroplast. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cellular components is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Ribosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the phase where the cell grows and copies its DNA?

Interphase Signup and view all the answers

What stage marks the beginning of cell division?

Mitosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage where the cytoplasm divides to form two identical cells?

Cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of a tumor that does not affect surrounding tissues, other than by physical crowding?

Benign Tumor Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for producing energy in cells?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream?

Small Intestine Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of saliva in the digestive process?

It softens food and aids in digestion with enzymes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the large intestine?

Production of digestive enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of red blood cells?

Carrying oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of epithelial tissue?

Protection from dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enzymes in the digestive process?

Enzymes are proteins that help speed up chemical reactions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of digestion?

Digestion is a chemical process that involves breaking down food into smaller molecules. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT an example of animal tissue?

Photosynthetic Tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a cell becomes specialized to perform a specific function called?

Cellular Differentiation Signup and view all the answers

What is a stem cell?

An undifferentiated cell that can divide to form specialized cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the spinal cord?

It transmits nerve impulses to and from the brain. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plant tissue is responsible for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant?

Vascular tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system?

Transporting oxygen throughout the body Signup and view all the answers

Which organ system interacts with the digestive system to provide nutrients to the body?

Circulatory system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a sense organ?

Eyes Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of sexual reproduction?

Involves two parents. Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cell cycle involves the formation of a new cell wall?

Cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes osmosis from diffusion?

It specifically involves the movement of water. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of both osmosis and diffusion?

Both result in the transportation of substances. Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the membrane of the nucleus completely dissolve?

Metaphase Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

To transport materials within the cell Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules can easily pass through the cell membrane?

Water Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why cells undergo division?

To replace damaged or worn-out cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Producing energy for the cell Signup and view all the answers

Why is the cell membrane described as selectively permeable?

It allows only certain substances to pass through Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the heart?

Pumps blood to distribute oxygen and remove carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of blood?

Bringing oxygen and nutrients to cells and carrying away waste Signup and view all the answers

What function do the lungs perform in the respiratory system?

Provide oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

How does blood contribute to the immune system?

By transporting white blood cells to fight disease Signup and view all the answers

What waste product do the lungs remove from the blood?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of xylem in plants?

Moves water and minerals from the roots to stems and leaves. Signup and view all the answers

Which process do guard cells assist in regarding plant leaves?

Gas exchange by opening and closing stomata. Signup and view all the answers

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic describes phloem cells?

They are living cells that transport sugars in multiple directions. Signup and view all the answers

How do the structures of leaves facilitate photosynthesis?

By exposing stomata for gas exchange. Signup and view all the answers