Biology Chapter 6 Study Set

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Questions and Answers

Label the layers of the ______.

epidermis

Label the structures of the ______.

integument

Label the structures associated with the ______.

dermis

Label the structures of hair in the figure.

hair structures Signup and view all the answers

Identify the structures associated with the exocrine glands of the skin.

exocrine glands structures Signup and view all the answers

Place the events that occur during wound healing into the correct order.

correct order of wound healing events Signup and view all the answers

Correctly label the following structures of a nail.

nail structures Signup and view all the answers

Describe the events occurring during keratinization by matching each event with a location.

Cells are mitotic = Stratum basale Contains several layers of polygonal keratinocytes = Stratum spinosum Keratinization begins; keratinocytes begin to fill with keratin = Stratum granulosum The keratinocytes within this layer are flattened and filled with the protein called eleidin = Stratum lucidum These dead cells have a hard protein envelope, contain keratin, and are often peeled or scraped off = Stratum corneum Signup and view all the answers

Label the cells of the epidermis.

epidermal cells Signup and view all the answers

Classify each description with the appropriate layer of the epidermis.

layer descriptions Signup and view all the answers

Consider the two types of sudoriferous glands.

classification of sudoriferous glands Signup and view all the answers

Consider sebaceous and ceruminous glands.

classification of sebaceous and ceruminous glands Signup and view all the answers

Consider the three most common types of skin cancer.

types of skin cancer Signup and view all the answers

Consider the three classes of burns.

classes of burns Signup and view all the answers

Drag and drop the labels into the appropriate function of skin.

functions of skin Signup and view all the answers

Classify the situations into the correct boxes according to whether they would result in constriction or dilation of the dermal blood vessels.

classification of blood vessel responses Signup and view all the answers

Classify the descriptions into the appropriate functional category of hair.

functional categories of hair Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not found in thick skin?

Hair follicles Signup and view all the answers

The integument consists of the epidermis, which is composed of _, and the dermis, which is composed primarily of connective tissue.

stratified squamous epithelium; dense irregular Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the subcutaneous layer (hypodermis)?

It stabilizes the position of the skin and binds it to underlying structures. Signup and view all the answers

You accidentally cut your fingernail too far, causing a sharp pain and some bleeding. Which part of your nail was injured?

Nail bed Signup and view all the answers

Select the way in which sweat glands function in homeostasis.

Temperature regulation Signup and view all the answers

Sweat glands and sebaceous glands develop from which layer of the integument?

Stratum basale of the epidermis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a type of hair?

Keratin Signup and view all the answers

Match the hair structure with its description.

Protrudes above the surface of the skin = Hair shaft Central axis of the hair = Medulla Portion of the connective tissue that surrounds the epithelial root sheath = Dermal root sheath Contains the hair; consists of epithelial and dermal root sheaths = Hair follicle Expanded knob at the base of the hair root = Hair bulb The portion of the hair that is below the surface of the skin = Root Forms the bulk of the hair; consists of cells containing hard keratin = Cortex Outer layer of the hair; single layer of cells containing hard keratin = Cuticle Mass of epithelial cells within the bulb that produce the hair = Matrix Signup and view all the answers

Contraction of the arrector pili muscles causes the hair follicle to become perpendicular to the skin, resulting in the hair ___

standing on end. Signup and view all the answers

The sweat glands that produce a watery substance and are associated with exercise and stress are the _________ sweat glands.

merocrine (eccrine) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Epidermis and Dermis Structure

The epidermis consists of layers such as stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The dermis is primarily made up of dense irregular connective tissue, providing strength and elasticity to the skin.

Integumentary Structures

Sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and nails are key structures associated with the integument.
Sweat glands arise from the stratum basale and play a role in temperature regulation and waste excretion.

Hair Structure

Hair consists of the hair shaft, medulla (central axis), cortex (bulk), cuticle (outer layer), and hair follicle (surrounds the hair root).
The arrector pili muscles cause hair follicles to stand upright, leading to "goosebumps."

Wound Healing

Wound healing involves a series of events including inflammation, tissue formation, and remodeling.
Hemostasis initiates with clot formation, followed by inflammation, proliferation of new tissue, and finally, maturation.

Keratinization Process

Keratinization involves several layers where cells proliferate, begin to fill with keratin, and eventually die to provide a protective barrier.
Key stages occur in distinct layers of the epidermis, with stratum basale being mitotic and stratum corneum comprised of dead cells.

Skin Gland Classification

Sudoriferous glands are classified into apocrine and merocrine (eccrine) glands, with distinct functions in sweat production.
Sebaceous glands secrete oil to hydrate skin and hair, while ceruminous glands produce earwax for ear protection.

Skin Cancer and Burns

The three most common types of skin cancer include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.
Burns are categorized into first, second, and third degrees based on severity and extent of skin damage.

Nail Structure and Function

Nails consist of the nail bed, nail matrix, nail plate, cuticle, and lunula, providing protection and assisting in fine manipulation.
Injury to the nail bed can cause pain and bleeding, indicating damage to this sensitive area.

Functions of the Skin

The skin serves multiple functions including protection, temperature regulation, sensation, and excretion.
Blood vessel responses (vasoconstriction and vasodilation) help maintain homeostasis by regulating heat loss.

Misconceptions about Skin

Thick skin lacks hair follicles, distinguishing it from thin skin, which contains both hair and follicles.
Keratin, while a vital protein in skin and hair, is not classified as a type of hair.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the integumentary system with this comprehensive flashcard set focused on chapter 6. You'll be labeling the layers of the epidermis, structures of the integument, and various skin-related organs. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of skin anatomy and physiology.