Integumentary System: Skin, Glands, and Appendages

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Questions and Answers

What is the most extensive organ of the body?

Skin (correct)

Heart

Liver

Lungs

Which cells are the most abundant in the epidermis?

Melanocytes

Merkel cells

Langerhans cells

Keratinocytes (correct)

Which type of skin has a very thick epidermis and does not contain hairs?

Thin skin of the scalp

Thin skin of the back

Thin skin of the forearm

Thick skin of the palm (correct)

Which glands are associated with the integumentary system?

Sweat glands Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the epidermis are responsible for producing melanin?

Melanocytes Signup and view all the answers

The outermost part of the skin is composed of which layer?

Epidermis Signup and view all the answers

Where are Langerhans cells mainly located?

Stratum spinosum Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of eccrine sweat glands?

To assist in thermoregulation and excretion Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the skin has cells that do not have a nucleus or organelles?

Stratum corneum Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sebaceous glands?

Produce an oily substance known as sebum for skin and hair maintenance Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the epidermis contains keratinocytes with large and irregular granules of keratohyalin?

Stratum granulosum Signup and view all the answers

What do melanocytes in the stratum basale do when stimulated by UV radiation?

Produce melanin, a dark pigment that gives color to the skin and protects from UV radiation Signup and view all the answers

Where are Merkel cells mainly located?

Stratum basale Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of reticular dermis?

Respond to small deformations of the epidermis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hypodermis?

Corporal temperature regulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of odoriferous/apocrine glands?

Release secretion in an apocrine manner with characteristic odor Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of papillary dermis?

Loose connective tissue with abundant type I collagen, reticular, and elastic fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of stratum lucidum?

It is a thin, homogeneous cell layer with weak staining Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Human Integumentary System

Skin is the most extensive organ in the body, serving various protective and regulatory functions.
Keratinocytes are the most abundant cells found in the epidermis, facilitating barrier function and waterproofing.
Thick skin features a very thick epidermis and lacks hair follicles, commonly found on the palms and soles.
The integumentary system includes several glands such as sebaceous (oil), eccrine (sweat), and apocrine glands.
Melanocytes in the epidermis are responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color.
The outermost part of the skin is the epidermis, which provides a protective layer against environmental threats.
Langerhans cells, which function in immune response, are primarily located in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis.
Eccrine (sweat) glands primarily regulate body temperature through perspiration.
The stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the epidermis, consists of dead cells lacking a nucleus or organelles.
Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, which moisturizes and protects the skin and hair.
The stratum granulosum contains keratinocytes with large, irregular granules of keratohyalin, important for keratinization.
Melanocytes in the stratum basale increase melanin production when stimulated by UV radiation, aiding in skin protection.
Merkel cells, responsible for touch sensation, are mainly located in the stratum basale of the epidermis.
The reticular dermis provides structural support and elasticity to the skin, containing collagen and elastin fibers.
The hypodermis, or subcutaneous layer, functions mainly for insulation, energy storage, and cushioning of underlying structures.
Odoriferous (apocrine) glands are associated with scent production and are activated during stress or sexual excitement.
The papillary dermis is composed of loose connective tissue and contains blood vessels and sensory neurons.
The stratum lucidum serves as an additional protective layer, particularly in thick skin areas, and contributes to skin structure.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the integumentary system, which includes the skin, associated glands (sebaceous and sweat glands), hairs, and nails. Understand the structure and functions of the skin, covering the entire body and continuing with mucous membranes.