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Questions and Answers
What is the net movement of molecules and ions called?
What is the net movement of molecules and ions called?
Diffusion
What is the energy source for diffusion?
What is the energy source for diffusion?
Kinetic energy
Diffusion can occur in liquids, gases, and solids.
Diffusion can occur in liquids, gases, and solids.
True (A)
What is the importance of diffusion of gases and solutes in living organisms?
What is the importance of diffusion of gases and solutes in living organisms?
Which of these is NOT a factor that affects the rate of diffusion?
Which of these is NOT a factor that affects the rate of diffusion?
What is osmosis?
What is osmosis?
Which has a higher water potential, a dilute solution or a concentrated solution?
Which has a higher water potential, a dilute solution or a concentrated solution?
Animal cells in pure water will burst.
Animal cells in pure water will burst.
What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
Which of these processes is responsible for the absorption of minerals from the soil by root hair cells?
Which of these processes is responsible for the absorption of minerals from the soil by root hair cells?
Active transport requires energy from respiration.
Active transport requires energy from respiration.
What is the role of carrier proteins in active transport?
What is the role of carrier proteins in active transport?
Which of the following is NOT an example of active transport?
Which of the following is NOT an example of active transport?
Flashcards
Diffusion
Diffusion
The movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, driven by random motion.
What is the source of energy for diffusion?
What is the source of energy for diffusion?
The kinetic energy of the molecules themselves.
Where can diffusion occur?
Where can diffusion occur?
Diffusion can occur in liquids, gases, and even in solids where molecules vibrate in place.
How does CO2 enter a leaf?
How does CO2 enter a leaf?
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How does O2 leave a leaf?
How does O2 leave a leaf?
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How is digested food absorbed in the small intestine?
How is digested food absorbed in the small intestine?
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How do CO2 and O2 exchange in the lungs?
How do CO2 and O2 exchange in the lungs?
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How does temperature affect diffusion?
How does temperature affect diffusion?
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How does concentration gradient affect diffusion?
How does concentration gradient affect diffusion?
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How does surface area affect diffusion?
How does surface area affect diffusion?
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How does distance affect diffusion?
How does distance affect diffusion?
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Osmosis
Osmosis
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What is a dilute solution?
What is a dilute solution?
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What is a concentrated solution?
What is a concentrated solution?
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What is a partially permeable membrane?
What is a partially permeable membrane?
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What happens to an animal cell in pure water?
What happens to an animal cell in pure water?
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What happens to an animal cell in a concentrated solution?
What happens to an animal cell in a concentrated solution?
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What happens to a plant cell in pure water?
What happens to a plant cell in pure water?
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What is turgor pressure?
What is turgor pressure?
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What happens to a plant cell in a concentrated solution?
What happens to a plant cell in a concentrated solution?
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What is plasmolysis?
What is plasmolysis?
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How do root hair cells absorb water?
How do root hair cells absorb water?
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Active Transport
Active Transport
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How does active transport work?
How does active transport work?
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What is the energy source for active transport?
What is the energy source for active transport?
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How do root hair cells absorb minerals?
How do root hair cells absorb minerals?
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How is glucose absorbed in the small intestine?
How is glucose absorbed in the small intestine?
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How is glucose reabsorbed in the kidneys?
How is glucose reabsorbed in the kidneys?
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Study Notes
Chapter 3: Movement into and out of Cells
- Diffusion: The net movement of molecules or ions from a high concentration to a low concentration, due to random movement and kinetic energy.
- Diffusion importance: Critical for gas exchange (O2 and CO2) in plants and animals, and nutrient absorption (in the ileum).
- Factors affecting diffusion rate:
- Temperature: Higher temperatures increase kinetic energy, increasing the rate.
- Concentration gradient: A larger difference in concentration speeds up diffusion.
- Surface area: A higher surface area increases the rate of diffusion.
- Distance: Shorter distances lead to faster diffusion.
- Osmosis: A special type of diffusion, specifically the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a high water potential to a low water potential.
- Water potential: A measure of the tendency of water molecules to move from one region to another; Higher water potential means more freedom for the water molecules to move (more water).
- Importance of osmosis in plants:
- Water absorption by root hair cells.
- Maintaining turgor pressure in plant cells (keeps them rigid).
- Preventing the plant cell from bursting.
- Importance of osmosis in animals:
- Maintaining water balance in cells.
- Preventing cell damage or bursting.
- Active transport: Movement of molecules across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient, using energy from respiration.
- How active transport works: Special carrier proteins within the cell membrane change shape, moving substances across the membrane against their concentration gradient to maintain homeostasis.
- Active transport importance in plants and animals:
- Absorbing nutrients from the soil.
- Taking in glucose in the ileum.
- Reabsorbing glucose in the kidneys.
- Dialysis tubing: Used as an example of a partially permeable membrane to study osmosis.
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Description
Explore the principles of movement into and out of cells through diffusion and osmosis in this quiz on Chapter 3 of Biology. Learn about key factors affecting diffusion rates and the significance of water potential in biological processes. Test your understanding of these essential concepts in cell biology!
