Biology Chapter 3: Cell Movement

The movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, along the concentration gradient.

The energy source for diffusion.

The process in which carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis enters leaves through stomata.

The process in which oxygen produced during photosynthesis diffuses out of leaves through stomata.

The process in which carbon dioxide, produced as a waste product of respiration, diffuses out of leaves during the night.

The process in which oxygen diffuses into leaves at night to be used in respiration.

The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood.

The absorption of digested food in the ileum (small intestine).

An increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy of molecules, leading to a faster rate of diffusion.

A larger concentration difference between two areas results in a faster rate of diffusion.

Larger surface areas allow for faster diffusion rates.

Shorter distances lead to faster diffusion rates.

The net movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential (dilute solution) to a region of lower water potential (concentrated solution), across a partially permeable membrane.

The potential energy of water to move from one area to another.

A membrane that allows some substances to pass through but not others.

The movement of water into a cell due to a higher water potential outside the cell.

The movement of water out of a cell due to a lower water potential outside the cell.

The pressure exerted by the cell contents against the cell wall.

A plant cell that is swollen and firm due to water intake.

A plant cell that has lost water and become limp.

The process in which the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall due to water loss.

The absorption of water by root hair cells from the soil due to a higher water potential in the soil.

The movement of molecules and ions across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, using energy from respiration.

Special proteins embedded in the cell membrane that transport molecules against their concentration gradient.

The absorption of nitrates from the soil by root hair cells.

The absorption of glucose from the small intestine into the bloodstream.

The reabsorption of glucose from the renal tubules back into the bloodstream.