Biology Chapter 22: Respiratory System

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What is the primary function of the nasal cavity in the respiratory system?

Detecting odor

Warming, cleansing, and humidifying inhaled air (correct)

Regulating blood pressure

Producing ATP through cellular metabolism

Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange?

Pharynx

Trachea

Larynx

Lungs (correct)

What is the term for the sense of smell in the respiratory system?

Olfaction (correct)

Communication

Ventilation

Acid-base balance

What is the function of the guard hairs in the nasal cavity?

Protecting the nasal cavity from debris Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the upper and lower respiratory tracts?

The upper tract includes the head and neck, while the lower tract includes the trachea and lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pleurae?

To reduce friction and make it easy for the lungs to expand and contract Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the infection of the pleurae that makes breathing painful?

Pleurisy Signup and view all the answers

What is the main muscle responsible for pulmonary airflow during quiet respiration?

Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the passage of air out of the lungs during a respiratory cycle?

Expiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the space between the two layers of the pleurae called?

Pleural cavity Signup and view all the answers

What happens when intrapulmonary pressure rises above atmospheric pressure?

Air moves out of the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a spirometer in pulmonary ventilation?

To assess the severity of a disease and monitor improvement or deterioration Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the total amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled with maximum effort?

Vital capacity Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for oxygen to get into the blood?

Oxygen must be dissolved in water and pass through the membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum expiration?

Residual volume Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of O2 toxicity?

Damage to nervous tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of emphysema?

Breakdown of alveolar walls Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of lung cancer?

Squamous cell carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Polycythemia Signup and view all the answers

How much more energy is spent on breathing in people with emphysema?

3 to 4 times Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the epiglottis?

To keep food and drink out of the airway Signup and view all the answers

What is the mucociliary escalator responsible for?

Keeping the airway clean by trapping debris Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes does the right lung have?

3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the conducting zone responsible for?

Air flow only Signup and view all the answers

What is the lining of the trachea composed of?

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia Signup and view all the answers