Biology Chapter 2 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of epithelium predominantly lines the kidney tubules?

  • Simple columnar epithelium
  • Simple cuboidal epithelium (correct)
  • Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
  • Stratified squamous epithelium

    • How many valence electrons are present in an atom with an atomic number of 8?

  • 2
  • 6 (correct)
  • 4
  • 8

    • What is the primary role of fibroblasts in connective tissue proper?

  • Generate keratin in skin
  • Produce the matrix of cartilage
  • Produce the matrix of connective tissue proper (correct)
  • Stay dormant in lacunae

    • Which layer of the skin is acknowledged as the most superficial?

    <p>Stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are chondrocytes and osteocytes located?

    <p>In lacunae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three common components of a feedback loop?

    <p>Receptor, control center, and effector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the frontal plane?

    <p>It divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the liver relative to the diaphragm?

    <p>Inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the cavity that contains the brain?

    <p>Cranial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a tissue comprised of?

    <p>Similar cells and extracellular matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which list correctly orders body structures from simplest to most complex?

    <p>Atom → molecule → organelle → cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction occurs when a dipeptide is formed?

    <p>Peptide bond formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the chemical properties of an atom?

    <p>Number of valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the superior region of the abdomen called?

    <p>Hypochondriac region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes blood pH?

    <p>Slightly basic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of feedback is observed during childbirth?

    <p>Positive feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of chemical bonds, which statement is correct?

    <p>Ionic bonds break apart more easily in water than covalent bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a tissue in the human body?

    <p>A collection of similar cells with a common function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the diaphragm's relationship to the liver is true?

    <p>The liver is inferior to the diaphragm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the study of cytology?

    <p>The structure and function of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the role of receptors in a feedback loop?

    <p>They detect changes in the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following lists structures in the correct order from simplest to most complex?

    <p>Atom → molecule → organelle → cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes how chemicals move according to a concentration gradient?

    <p>They move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue is mesenchyme considered?

    <p>Connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium is identified by cells resting on the same basement membrane but varying in height?

    <p>Pseudostratified columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is not part of the skin?

    <p>Hypodermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are plasma cells primarily responsible for producing the matrix found?

    <p>In connective tissue proper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of skin accounts for 75% of the epidermis?

    <p>Stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the matrix-producing cells found in cartilage?

    <p>Chondrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells in the skin are primarily responsible for pigmentation?

    <p>Melanocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the fastest rate of mitosis occur in the skin?

    <p>Stratum basale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fluid surrounds cells and is distinct from interstitial fluid?

    <p>Extracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which epidermal layer is not involved in vitamin D synthesis?

    <p>Stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The liver is ______ to the diaphragm.

    <p>inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cavity containing the brain is called the ______ cavity.

    <p>cranial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A group of similar cells that performs a specific function is called a ______.

    <p>tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During childbirth, the type of feedback occurring is called ______ feedback.

    <p>positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The clear gel inside the cell is called __________.

    <p>cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The three common components of a feedback loop include the receptor, control center, and ______.

    <p>effector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Organic molecules are composed of two or more ______ bonds.

    <p>covalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The tissue type that is not found in adult organs is __________.

    <p>mesenchyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hypochondriac region is located in the ______ part of the abdomen.

    <p>lateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The membrane lining cavities open to the exterior environment is called the __________.

    <p>mucous membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The deeper layer of the skin, beneath the epidermis, is known as the __________.

    <p>dermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood pH is classified as slightly ______.

    <p>basic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chemicals move down a concentration gradient from an area of ______ concentration to an area of lower concentration.

    <p>higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cells largely responsible for skin color are called __________.

    <p>melanocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A dipeptide is a molecule formed by the joining of two ______.

    <p>amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The layer of skin that accounts for 75% of the epidermis is the __________.

    <p>stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the skin, the fastest rate of mitosis occurs in the __________ layer.

    <p>stratum basale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fibroblasts are responsible for producing the matrix of __________ tissue proper.

    <p>connective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ is where chondrocytes are confined within cartilage.

    <p>lacunae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The type of epithelium made up of cells resting on the same basement membrane but varying in height is __________.

    <p>pseudostratified columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bone is characterized by having trabeculae and spicules?

    <p>Spongy bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue do osteoblasts belong to?

    <p>Connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of red bone marrow?

    <p>Production of blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process in which bone is dissolved and its minerals are returned to the bloodstream?

    <p>Resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cell types has the highest number of lysosomes?

    <p>Osteoclasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bone cell is transformed into an osteocyte once enclosed in lacunae?

    <p>Osteoblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is secreted in response to calcium deficiency, activating osteoclasts?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lining of the marrow cavity within a long bone called?

    <p>Endosteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that connects the frontal and occipital bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

    <p>Galea aponeurotica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the hamstrings?

    <p>Quadratus femoris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is used to describe muscle fibers arranged in bundles?

    <p>Fascicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prime mover muscle for inhalation?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding skeletal muscle fibers is correct?

    <p>They contain multiple nuclei.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for attaching a muscle to bone?

    <p>Tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is considered the longest muscle in the human body?

    <p>Sartorius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of the muscular system?

    <p>Movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

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