Biology Chapter 10 - Mendel and Meiosis Flashcards

Alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism.

Exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during prophase I of meiosis; results in new allele combinations.

A cell with two of each kind of chromosome, containing a diploid, or 2n, number of chromosomes.

<p>It is the observed trait that masks the recessive form of a trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A haploid female sex cell produced by meiosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fusion of male and female gametes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Male and female sex cells; sperm and eggs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A major source of genetic variation among organisms caused by reassortment or crossing over during meiosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetics is a branch of biology that studies heredity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The combination of genes in an organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A cell with one of each kind of chromosome, containing a haploid, or n, number of chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When there are two different alleles for a trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paired chromosomes with genes for the same traits arranged in the same order.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When there are two identical alleles for a trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Offspring formed by parents having different forms of a trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mendelian principle stating that genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mendelian principle explaining that since each plant has two different alleles, it can produce two different types of gametes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type of cell division where one body cell produces four gametes, each containing half the number of chromosomes as a parent's body cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis; results in gametes with too many or too few chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The outward appearance of an organism, regardless of its genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transfer from male reproductive organs to female reproductive organs of plants, usually within the same species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A trait of an organism that can be masked by the dominant form of a trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A pattern of reproduction that involves the production and subsequent fusion of haploid sex cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Haploid male sex cells produced by meiosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A characteristic that is inherited; can be either dominant or recessive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg.</p> Signup and view all the answers