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Questions and Answers
What is the primary unit of life?
What is the primary unit of life?
Which of the following is NOT a taxonomic category in biological classification?
Which of the following is NOT a taxonomic category in biological classification?
What is the process by which plants produce their own food?
What is the process by which plants produce their own food?
What is the term for the movement of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves of a plant?
What is the term for the movement of water and minerals from the roots to the leaves of a plant?
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What is the study of the structure, organization, and function of living organisms?
What is the study of the structure, organization, and function of living organisms?
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What is the term for the process by which an organism's genetic information is passed from one generation to the next?
What is the term for the process by which an organism's genetic information is passed from one generation to the next?
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What is the process by which plants regulate their growth?
What is the process by which plants regulate their growth?
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Which system is responsible for transporting gases in the human body?
Which system is responsible for transporting gases in the human body?
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What is the process by which the human body eliminates waste products?
What is the process by which the human body eliminates waste products?
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Which hormone is responsible for regulating heart function?
Which hormone is responsible for regulating heart function?
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What is the term for the process by which plants produce flowers?
What is the term for the process by which plants produce flowers?
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What is the process by which genetic information is passed from one generation to the next?
What is the process by which genetic information is passed from one generation to the next?
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What is the term for the study of the structure and function of the human nervous system?
What is the term for the study of the structure and function of the human nervous system?
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What is the process by which humans produce offspring?
What is the process by which humans produce offspring?
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Study Notes
Diversity in the Living World
- The living world is diverse, with taxonomic categories and biological classification of kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
- Viruses, Viroids, and Lichens are also part of the living world.
Plant Kingdom
- Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms are the five groups of plants.
- Angiosperms are flowering plants, with characteristics like roots, stems, leaves, inflorescence, flowers, fruits, and seeds.
Animal Kingdom
- Animals are classified based on morphology, anatomy, and physiology.
- Amphibian-Frog is an example of classification of animals.
Structural Organisation in Plants and Animals
- The root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, and seed are the structural parts of a flowering plant.
- The tissue system, anatomy of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants are studied in plant anatomy.
Cell: Structure and Functions
- Cell is the unit of life, with cell theory, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
- Cell structure includes cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus.
Biomolecules
- Biomolecules include primary and secondary metabolites, biomacromolecules, proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids.
- Structure of proteins, enzymes, and nucleic acids are studied.
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
- Cell cycle includes mitosis and meiosis.
- Significance of cell cycle and cell division is essential for life.
Plant Physiology
- Photosynthesis occurs in higher plants, with pigments involved and location of photosynthesis.
- Light reaction, electron transport, and synthesis of ATP and NADPH are part of photosynthesis.
- The C4 pathway, photorespiration, and factors affecting photosynthesis are studied.
- Respiration in plants involves glycolysis, fermentation, and aerobic respiration.
- Plant growth and development include growth, differentiation, dedifferentiation, and redifferentiation.
- Plant growth regulators are hormones that regulate plant growth.
Human Physiology
- Breathing and exchange of gases involve respiratory organs, mechanism of breathing, and exchange of gases.
- Body fluids and circulation include tissue fluids, blood, lymph, circulatory pathways, and regulation of cardiac activity.
- Excretory products and their elimination involve human excretory system, urine formation, and function of the tubules.
- Locomotion and movement include types of movement, muscle, skeletal system, and joints.
- Neural control and coordination include neural system, human neural system, and neuron as a structural and functional unit.
Reproduction
- Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves flower structure, pre-fertilisation, double fertilisation, and post-fertilisation.
- Human reproduction includes male and female reproductive systems, gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, fertilisation, and embryonic development.
Genetics and Evolution
- Principles of inheritance and variation include Mendel’s laws of inheritance, inheritance of one gene and two genes, sex determination, mutation, and genetic disorders.
- Molecular basis of inheritance includes DNA, RNA world, replication, transcription, genetic code, translation, regulation of gene expression, human genome project, and DNA fingerprinting.
- Evolution includes origin of life, speciation, and natural selection.
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Description
Test your understanding of the diversity in the living world, including taxonomic categories, biological classification, and structural organisation in plants and animals.
