Biology Cells Names and Functions

Questions and Answers

What is the function of the cell wall?

Helps protect and support the cell (correct)

Controls what substances come in and out of a cell

Converts energy from food molecules

Contains instructions for directing the cell's functions

What does the cytoskeleton do?

Gives single-celled (animal) cells their shape

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Controls what substances come in and out of a cell

What is the nucleus known as?

Cell's control center Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

Surrounds and protects the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What does chromatin contain?

Instructions for directing cell's functions Signup and view all the answers

Where are ribosomes made?

Nucleolus Signup and view all the answers

What is cytoplasm?

Gel-like fluid between the cell membrane and nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What do mitochondria do?

Convert energy from food molecules to energy the cell can use Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Help form proteins and other materials Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ribosomes?

Produce proteins Signup and view all the answers

What does the golgi body do?

Receive, package, and distribute newly formed proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Capture energy from sunlight to produce food Signup and view all the answers

What do vacuoles store?

Food, other materials, and waste products Signup and view all the answers

What do lysosomes contain?

Chemicals that breakdown large food particles Signup and view all the answers

What are unicellular organisms?

Single-celled organisms Signup and view all the answers

What are multicellular organisms?

Organisms composed of many cells Signup and view all the answers

What is tissue?

Group of similar cells that work together Signup and view all the answers

What is an organ?

Different kinds of tissue that work together Signup and view all the answers

What is an organ system?

Group of organs that work together to perform a major function Signup and view all the answers

What are organelles?

Carry specific functions within the cells Signup and view all the answers

What is cell theory?

Widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Structure and Functions

Cell Wall: Provides protection and structural support, primarily found in plant cells.
Cytoskeleton: Maintains shape in single-celled organisms and supports organelles in eukaryotic cells.
Cell Membrane: Regulates substance movement in and out of cells; located just inside the cell wall in plant cells.
Nucleus: Acts as the control center of the cell, overseeing all cellular activities.

Nucleus and its Components

Nuclear Envelope: Membrane that encases the nucleus, providing protection.
Chromatin: Contains genetic instructions essential for directing cellular functions.
Nucleolus: Site within the nucleus for ribosome production.

Cytoplasmic Environment

Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance that fills the cell, located between the cell membrane and nucleus.

Energy and Protein Production

Mitochondria: Organelles that convert food molecules into energy usable by the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum: Network of passageways aiding in the synthesis of proteins and other materials.
Ribosomes: Sites where proteins are synthesized.
Golgi Body: Receives, packages, and redistributes proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum.

Plant Cell Structures

Chloroplasts: Organelles that capture sunlight for food production, found exclusively in plant cells.
Vacuoles:
- Plant cells contain one large central vacuole for storage and support.
- Animal cells have smaller vacuoles for storing nutrients and waste.

Cellular Cleaning and Recycling

Lysosomes: Contain digestive enzymes that break down food particles and recycle old cell components.

Levels of Organization

Unicellular: Organisms consisting of a single cell.
Multicellular: Organisms composed of multiple cells working together.
Tissue: A group of similar cells working together for a specific function.
Organ: Composed of different tissues performing a collective function.
Organ System: A group of organs coordinating to fulfill a major function.

Organelles

Defined as specialized structures within cells that perform distinct functions critical to cell survival and activity.

Cell Theory

Fundamental concept in biology stating:
- All living organisms are made of cells.
- Cells serve as the basic units of structure and function in living things.
- New cells arise from pre-existing cells.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key cell components with this flashcard quiz. Each card presents a cell structure along with its specific function, helping you understand the basics of cell biology. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their learning in the topic.