34 Questions
What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells?
Protein synthesis
What is the characteristic feature of the genetic material in prokaryotic cells?
Not enclosed in a well-defined membrane-bound structure
Which organelle is responsible for generating energy for the cell through cellular respiration?
Mitochondria
What is the function of plasmids in prokaryotic cells?
Providing antibiotic resistance
What is the characteristic feature of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?
It surrounds the cell membrane
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?
Presence of a well-defined nucleus
Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of very long chain fatty acids?
Peroxisomes
What is the primary function of glyoxysomes?
Conversion of fats into carbohydrates
What is the characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?
Always unicellular structure
Which of the following organelles is associated with oxidation reactions other than those of respiration?
Microbodies
What is the primary function of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells?
Digestion and recycling of cellular waste
What is the main difference between ribosomes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Size of 70S in prokaryotes and 80S in eukaryotes
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
Always unicellular structure
Which of the following organelles is primarily involved in protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells?
Endoplasmic reticulum
What is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?
Absence of a well-defined nucleus
What is the primary function of the SER in eukaryotic cells?
Lipid synthesis
Which of the following organelles is involved in generating most of the energy for eukaryotic cells?
Mitochondria
What is a characteristic feature of the genetic material in eukaryotic cells?
It is organised into chromosomes
Which type of cells have a nucleoid, and not a true nucleus?
Prokaryotic cells
What is the composition of the cell wall in eukaryotic cells?
Cellulose
What is the function of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells?
To regulate the movement of materials in and out of the cell
What is the characteristic feature of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?
It is a complex structure involved in locomotory and cytoskeletal functions
What is the primary purpose of heat fixation in Gram staining?
To affix the bacteria to the slide to avoid rinsing out during the staining procedure
What is the function of the KI solution in Gram staining?
To bind to crystal violet and trap it in the cell
What is the difference in the cell wall composition of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?
Gram-positive bacteria have a thicker cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner layer
What is the purpose of the counterstain safranin in Gram staining?
To stain Gram-negative bacteria pink
What is the effect of acetone or ethyl alcohol on the bacterial smear during Gram staining?
It rapid decolorizes the bacterial smear
What is the result of Gram staining on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?
Gram-positive bacteria are stained purple, while Gram-negative bacteria are stained pink
What is the main function of the flagellum in prokaryotic cells?
To play a significant role in motility
What is the composition of the cell membrane in prokaryotic cells?
Phospholipid bilayer, membrane proteins, and carbohydrates
Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-positive cells?
They have a thicker peptidoglycan layer
What is the function of the basal body in flagella?
To anchor the flagellum to the cell wall
What is the difference between the cell wall of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells?
Gram-positive cells have a thicker peptidoglycan layer, whereas Gram-negative cells have a thinner peptidoglycan layer
Which of the following is a component of the cell envelope in prokaryotic cells?
Outer membrane
Test your knowledge of cells and their characteristics, including prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, multicellular organisms, and the features of bacteria, amoeba, and yeast. Learn about the organization of genetic material and how cells interact to maintain life.
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