Cell: The Unit of Life
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells?

  • Waste management
  • Genetic material storage
  • Cell signaling
  • Protein synthesis (correct)

    • What is the characteristic feature of the genetic material in prokaryotic cells?

  • Found in the nucleus
  • Bound by a well-defined membrane
  • Not enclosed in a well-defined membrane-bound structure (correct)
  • Present in the cytoplasm

    • Which organelle is responsible for generating energy for the cell through cellular respiration?

  • Mitochondria (correct)
  • Golgi complex
  • Lysosomes
  • Ribosomes

    • What is the function of plasmids in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Providing antibiotic resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>It surrounds the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Presence of a well-defined nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of very long chain fatty acids?

    <p>Peroxisomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glyoxysomes?

    <p>Conversion of fats into carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Always unicellular structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organelles is associated with oxidation reactions other than those of respiration?

    <p>Microbodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Digestion and recycling of cellular waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between ribosomes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Size of 70S in prokaryotes and 80S in eukaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Always unicellular structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organelles is primarily involved in protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Absence of a well-defined nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the SER in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Lipid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organelles is involved in generating most of the energy for eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of the genetic material in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>It is organised into chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells have a nucleoid, and not a true nucleus?

    <p>Prokaryotic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the cell wall in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>To regulate the movement of materials in and out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>It is a complex structure involved in locomotory and cytoskeletal functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of heat fixation in Gram staining?

    <p>To affix the bacteria to the slide to avoid rinsing out during the staining procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the KI solution in Gram staining?

    <p>To bind to crystal violet and trap it in the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference in the cell wall composition of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Gram-positive bacteria have a thicker cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the counterstain safranin in Gram staining?

    <p>To stain Gram-negative bacteria pink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of acetone or ethyl alcohol on the bacterial smear during Gram staining?

    <p>It rapid decolorizes the bacterial smear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of Gram staining on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Gram-positive bacteria are stained purple, while Gram-negative bacteria are stained pink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the flagellum in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>To play a significant role in motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the cell membrane in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Phospholipid bilayer, membrane proteins, and carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-positive cells?

    <p>They have a thicker peptidoglycan layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the basal body in flagella?

    <p>To anchor the flagellum to the cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the cell wall of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells?

    <p>Gram-positive cells have a thicker peptidoglycan layer, whereas Gram-negative cells have a thinner peptidoglycan layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a component of the cell envelope in prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Outer membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

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