Cell: The Unit of Life
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells?

  • Waste management
  • Genetic material storage
  • Cell signaling
  • Protein synthesis (correct)

What is the characteristic feature of the genetic material in prokaryotic cells?

  • Found in the nucleus
  • Bound by a well-defined membrane
  • Not enclosed in a well-defined membrane-bound structure (correct)
  • Present in the cytoplasm

Which organelle is responsible for generating energy for the cell through cellular respiration?

  • Mitochondria (correct)
  • Golgi complex
  • Lysosomes
  • Ribosomes

What is the function of plasmids in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Providing antibiotic resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the cell wall in prokaryotic cells?

<p>It surrounds the cell membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?

<p>Presence of a well-defined nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of very long chain fatty acids?

<p>Peroxisomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glyoxysomes?

<p>Conversion of fats into carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?

<p>Always unicellular structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organelles is associated with oxidation reactions other than those of respiration?

<p>Microbodies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Digestion and recycling of cellular waste (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between ribosomes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

<p>Size of 70S in prokaryotes and 80S in eukaryotes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

<p>Always unicellular structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organelles is primarily involved in protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?

<p>Absence of a well-defined nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the SER in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Lipid synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organelles is involved in generating most of the energy for eukaryotic cells?

<p>Mitochondria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of the genetic material in eukaryotic cells?

<p>It is organised into chromosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells have a nucleoid, and not a true nucleus?

<p>Prokaryotic cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the cell wall in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Cellulose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells?

<p>To regulate the movement of materials in and out of the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

<p>It is a complex structure involved in locomotory and cytoskeletal functions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of heat fixation in Gram staining?

<p>To affix the bacteria to the slide to avoid rinsing out during the staining procedure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the KI solution in Gram staining?

<p>To bind to crystal violet and trap it in the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in the cell wall composition of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Gram-positive bacteria have a thicker cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner layer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the counterstain safranin in Gram staining?

<p>To stain Gram-negative bacteria pink (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of acetone or ethyl alcohol on the bacterial smear during Gram staining?

<p>It rapid decolorizes the bacterial smear (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of Gram staining on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Gram-positive bacteria are stained purple, while Gram-negative bacteria are stained pink (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the flagellum in prokaryotic cells?

<p>To play a significant role in motility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the cell membrane in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Phospholipid bilayer, membrane proteins, and carbohydrates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-positive cells?

<p>They have a thicker peptidoglycan layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the basal body in flagella?

<p>To anchor the flagellum to the cell wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the cell wall of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells?

<p>Gram-positive cells have a thicker peptidoglycan layer, whereas Gram-negative cells have a thinner peptidoglycan layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a component of the cell envelope in prokaryotic cells?

<p>Outer membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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