Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one reason cells are small in size?
What is one reason cells are small in size?
- Cells do not grow in size.
- Small cells have more DNA.
- Large cells can move nutrients more efficiently.
- Small cells have a higher surface area to volume ratio. (correct)
What occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?
What occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?
- Cell prepares for mitosis.
- DNA is copied. (correct)
- Nucleus divides.
- Cell splits into two.
Which of the following is a limitation to cell size?
Which of the following is a limitation to cell size?
- Cell shape variability.
- Oxygen consumption rates.
- Surface area to volume ratio. (correct)
- Nutrient absorption speed.
Which statement accurately describes mitosis?
Which statement accurately describes mitosis?
What is a key component of the cell theory?
What is a key component of the cell theory?
How do ribosomes contribute to cellular function?
How do ribosomes contribute to cellular function?
What is the primary result of geographic isolation in terms of species?
What is the primary result of geographic isolation in terms of species?
Which characteristic distinguishes animals from plants?
Which characteristic distinguishes animals from plants?
Flashcards
What is mitosis?
What is mitosis?
The process by which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells. It is a fundamental process for growth and repair.
What is the cell theory?
What is the cell theory?
Living things are made up of cells, and all cells come from pre-existing cells. This is a foundational principle in biology.
What is the cell membrane?
What is the cell membrane?
The cell membrane is a protective barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell. It's like a gatekeeper.
What makes proteins?
What makes proteins?
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What is evolution?
What is evolution?
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What are mutations?
What are mutations?
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What causes new species?
What causes new species?
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How do we classify organisms?
How do we classify organisms?
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Study Notes
Cell Growth and Division (Chapter 11)
- Cells grow, but their volume increases faster than their surface area.
- Small cells are more efficient at moving nutrients and waste.
- The cell cycle includes:
- S phase: DNA replication
- Mitosis: Nucleus division
- Cytokinesis: Cell division
- Surface area to volume ratio, moving materials, and DNA efficiency limit cell size.
- Mitosis ensures that daughter cells have the same DNA as the parent cell.
Cell Structure and Function (Chapter 8)
- The cell theory:
- All living things are made of cells.
- Cells are the basic units of life.
- New cells come from pre-existing cells.
- Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, while both plant and animal cells have cell membranes and mitochondria.
- Cell membranes are composed of fats with water-soluble heads and water-insoluble tails.
- Cell membranes regulate what enters and exits the cell.
- Ribosomes build proteins.
- The Golgi apparatus packages proteins.
Evolution and Natural Selection (Chapters 17 & 18)
- Evolution is the change in species over time due to natural selection.
- Examples of evolution include birds with longer beaks surviving if food is deep in trees.
- New species can form through geographic isolation (barriers prevent interbreeding) and reproductive isolation (groups stop breeding together).
- Mutations in DNA create differences that drive evolution.
- Darwin's observations include island animals resembling mainland relatives but adapted to their new environments.
Classification and Characteristics of Life (Chapters 1 & 19)
- Organisms are classified using scientific names (e.g., Felis catus).
- Archaea and bacteria are both single-celled, but archaea have different cell walls.
- Characteristics of life include being composed of cells, responding to the environment, growing, reproducing, and using energy.
- Animals move and cannot produce their own food.
- Plants remain stationary and produce their own food through sunlight.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts from Chapter 11 on cell growth and division, as well as Chapter 8 on cell structure and function. Questions will explore the cell cycle, surface area to volume ratio, and the components of the cell. Test your knowledge of how cells operate and their fundamental roles in life.
