Plant Cell Structures and Functions Quiz

Study Notes

Meristematic Tissue

Composed of embryonic tissues, essential for plant growth.

Apical Meristem

Responsible for primary growth, allowing plants to lengthen.
Located at the tips of roots and shoots (blue areas).

Lateral Meristem

Facilitates secondary growth, contributing to the increase in thickness of stems and roots.
Found along the sides of stems and roots (red areas).

Permanent Tissues

Consist of specialized cells that have ceased dividing.
Form various plant structures such as leaves, stems, and roots.
Play key roles in support, transport, and storage.

Types of Permanent Tissues

Divided into surface, fundamental, and vascular tissues.

Surface Tissues

Serve to cover and protect the outer surfaces of plant organs.

Fundamental Tissues

Make up the bulk of the plant; fill the internal spaces of plant organs.

Vascular Tissues

Complex conducting tissues that facilitate the movement of fluids throughout plants.
Comprise two main types: xylem and phloem.

Xylem

Primarily made up of dead cells when mature.
Responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals from roots to leaves.

Phloem

Consists of living cells that transport food, primarily sugars from leaves to other plant parts.

Leaves

Main organs for photosynthesis, converting sunlight into energy.

Stem

Elevated structure supporting leaves.
Conducts water and nutrients between roots and leaves.
Produces new tissues for growth.

Summary

Plants feature two primary types of tissues: meristematic (for growth) and permanent (for specialized functions).
Meristematic tissues give rise to permanent tissues, which differentiate into specialized cells performing functions like photosynthesis and nutrient transport.

Description

Test your knowledge on the structures and functions of plant cells, focusing on meristems. This quiz covers both apical and lateral meristems, detailing their roles in primary and secondary growth. Understand how these tissues contribute to plant development.