Cell Structure and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between somatic cells and reproductive cells?

  • Somatic cells are from the body of organisms, while reproductive cells are involved in the production of offspring. (correct)
  • Somatic cells are diploid, while reproductive cells are haploid.
  • Somatic cells contain half the genetic information of reproductive cells.
  • Somatic cells produce offspring, while reproductive cells maintain life processes.

    • What is the role of Gap 0 (GO) phase in the cell cycle?

  • It accounts for 90% of the time during each cycle.
  • It is the phase where the cell divides into two daughter cells.
  • It is the phase responsible for DNA synthesis.
  • It is a temporary resting period where the cell quits dividing. (correct)

    • In humans, how many chromosomes are present in a diploid cell?

  • 46 chromosomes (correct)
  • 8 chromosomes
  • 16 chromosomes
  • 23 chromosomes

    • What is the main function of somatic cells in organisms?

    <p>Maintain life processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur?

    <p>S phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of karyokinesis in the cell cycle?

    <p>Division of the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes align along the metaphase plate?

    <p>Metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the spindle fibers during cell division?

    <p>Aid in aligning chromosomes during Metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the cell is responsible for cytokinesis in animal cells?

    <p>Cleavage furrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during Anaphase of mitosis?

    <p>Chromatids arrive at opposite poles of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chromosome is characterized by having the centromere at one end?

    <p>Telocentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main outcome of mitosis in terms of daughter cells produced?

    <p>Two identical daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Differences Between Cell Types

    • Somatic cells are non-reproductive cells, while reproductive cells are involved in the formation of gametes (sperm and eggs).
    • Somatic cells contain two sets of chromosomes (diploid), whereas reproductive cells contain one set (haploid).

    Gap 0 (G0) Phase

    • G0 is a resting phase where cells are in a quiescent state and not actively dividing.
    • Cells may exit the cell cycle and enter G0 due to inactivity, differentiation, or lack of resources.

    Chromosome Count in Humans

    • A diploid human cell contains 46 chromosomes, organized in 23 pairs.

    Function of Somatic Cells

    • Somatic cells make up most of an organism's tissues and organs, performing various functions necessary for growth, repair, and maintenance.

    DNA Synthesis Phase

    • DNA synthesis occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle, where chromosomes are replicated.

    Role of Karyokinesis

    • Karyokinesis is the process of nuclear division where chromosomes are separated into two daughter nuclei during cell division.

    Chromosome Alignment

    • Chromosomes align along the metaphase plate during the metaphase phase of mitosis.

    Role of Spindle Fibers

    • Spindle fibers are microtubules that facilitate the movement and segregation of chromosomes during cell division, ensuring accurate distribution to daughter cells.

    Cytokinesis in Animal Cells

    • In animal cells, cytokinesis is mainly carried out by the formation of a cleavage furrow, which pinches the cell membrane to divide the cytoplasm.

    Events During Anaphase

    • During anaphase in mitosis, sister chromatids are pulled apart and moved towards opposite poles of the cell.

    Chromosome Type with Terminal Centromere

    • A chromosome with the centromere located at one end is called a telocentric chromosome.

    Outcome of Mitosis

    • The main outcome of mitosis is the production of two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on cell types, genetic information, and growth processes in the human body. Explore the differences between somatic cells and reproductive cells, as well as how genetic information contributes to the growth of a human being.

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