Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the concept of instinctive drift, as described by Breland and Breland (1961)?
What is the concept of instinctive drift, as described by Breland and Breland (1961)?
- The use of food reinforcement to elicit a desired response from an animal.
- The tendency of an animal to revert to its innate behavior, interfering with conditioning processes. (correct)
- The process of conditioning an animal to perform a specific behavior.
- The training of animals to perform complex tasks.
What did Breland and Breland (1961) identify as the best behavioral model for teaching operant conditioning in the classroom?
What did Breland and Breland (1961) identify as the best behavioral model for teaching operant conditioning in the classroom?
- Chickens (correct)
- Mice
- Raccoons
- Pigs
What was the primary focus of the IQ Zoo, a tourist attraction in Hot Springs?
What was the primary focus of the IQ Zoo, a tourist attraction in Hot Springs?
- Studying animal behavior and cognition
- Showcasing the abilities of trained animals (correct)
- Breeding animals for conservation
- Teaching operant conditioning to animals
What did Breland and Breland (1961) observe in their training of animals, which led to the concept of instinctive drift?
What did Breland and Breland (1961) observe in their training of animals, which led to the concept of instinctive drift?
What is the term for the process by which food reinforcement can elicit innate food-related behaviors in animals?
What is the term for the process by which food reinforcement can elicit innate food-related behaviors in animals?
What was the primary goal of Breland and Breland's work, as described in the text?
What was the primary goal of Breland and Breland's work, as described in the text?
What are some common phobias that humans may develop?
What are some common phobias that humans may develop?
What type of schedules can contribute to schedule-induced behaviours?
What type of schedules can contribute to schedule-induced behaviours?
What is an example of schedule-induced behaviour in humans?
What is an example of schedule-induced behaviour in humans?
What is the term for excessive or 'abnormal' behaviours that occur during fixed-interval schedules?
What is the term for excessive or 'abnormal' behaviours that occur during fixed-interval schedules?
Who wrote the article 'The Misbehavior Of Organisms'?
Who wrote the article 'The Misbehavior Of Organisms'?
What is the title of the chapter that discusses the limits of learning?
What is the title of the chapter that discusses the limits of learning?
Who wrote the article 'Phobias and Preparedness'?
Who wrote the article 'Phobias and Preparedness'?
What is an example of an 'instinctive' appetitive behaviour that can occur excessively in humans?
What is an example of an 'instinctive' appetitive behaviour that can occur excessively in humans?
What is the basis of Bob Bailey's operant conditioning courses for dog trainers?
What is the basis of Bob Bailey's operant conditioning courses for dog trainers?
What is the primary reason for conditioned taste aversion?
What is the primary reason for conditioned taste aversion?
How many pairings are typically required for an association to develop in most conditioning?
How many pairings are typically required for an association to develop in most conditioning?
What is the term used to describe the biologically programmed predisposition to be conditioned in certain ways and not others?
What is the term used to describe the biologically programmed predisposition to be conditioned in certain ways and not others?
What is the consequence of eating a particular food followed by nausea?
What is the consequence of eating a particular food followed by nausea?
What is the purpose of conditioned taste aversion from an evolutionary perspective?
What is the purpose of conditioned taste aversion from an evolutionary perspective?
What is the relationship between taste and nausea in conditioned taste aversion?
What is the relationship between taste and nausea in conditioned taste aversion?
Who is associated with the concept of preparedness in conditioning?
Who is associated with the concept of preparedness in conditioning?
Study Notes
Biological Constraints on Conditioning
- Instinctive drift occurs when innate response tendencies interfere with conditioning processes, causing a decline in the effectiveness of an operant response reinforced by food.
- Examples of instinctive drift include pigs or raccoons depositing coins in a piggy bank, illustrating how food reinforcement can elicit innate food foraging and handling behaviors.
- Breland and Breland (1961) identified instinctive drift as a biological constraint on conditioning, highlighting the importance of considering innate behaviors in learning processes.
Conditioned Taste Aversion
- Aversions to food can develop if eating a particular food is followed by nausea, as animals readily make connections between taste and nausea.
- This makes sense from an evolutionary perspective, as animals that learn to avoid food that has made them sick are more likely to survive.
Preparedness and Phobias
- Martin Seligman suggests that preparedness is a biologically programmed, species-specific predisposition to be conditioned in certain ways and not others.
- Humans appear easily to develop phobias to stimuli such as spiders, snakes, heights, and darkness, which may have helped the survival of early ancestors.
Schedule-Induced Behaviours
- Excessive or aberrant behaviors can occur during fixed-interval schedules, typically just after reinforcement.
- Examples include polydipsia (excessive drinking), excessive wheel-running, and excessive aggression in non-human animals.
- In humans, excessive levels of instinctive appetitive behaviors (eating, drinking) can also occur, potentially contributing to issues like excessive drinking or alcoholism.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers biological constraints on conditioning, instinctive drift, conditioned taste aversion, preparedness, and phobias in the context of biological and learning psychology. It discusses the work of Breland and Breland (1961) on food reinforcement and innate food foraging behavior.
