Biological Control and Microscopy Techniques
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Questions and Answers

What is a disadvantage of using allelochemicals as bioherbicides?

  • They can lead to the development of herbicide-resistant plant species. (correct)
  • They are always more effective than synthetic herbicides.
  • They require extensive preparation and application.
  • They are non-toxic to all forms of life.

    • What are essential oils primarily derived from?

  • Animal byproducts.
  • Plant extracts. (correct)
  • Mineral compounds.
  • Synthetic chemicals.

    • Why is Isle Royale particularly suitable for studying population ecology?

  • It has a high diversity of invasive species.
  • The area is home to several species of large mammals only.
  • It lacks any natural predators or herbivores.
  • The population dynamics can be observed in a relatively isolated ecosystem. (correct)

    • How do moose affect the composition of their habitat's vegetation community?

    <p>Through selective browsing that alters species dominance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes how to conduct sterilization using the UV sterilization method?

    <p>Expose surfaces or liquids to UV light for a recommended duration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a pesticide primarily used for?

    <p>To kill or prevent the growth of harmful organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pesticide acts by contact with the target organism?

    <p>Contact poisons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) primarily used for?

    <p>To control invasive insect species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is diatomaceous earth (DE) used for in biological control?

    <p>As an abrasive material that dehydrates pests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a compound microscope is responsible for focusing light on the specimen?

    <p>Condenser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of composting bioplastics?

    <p>Breaking them down into simpler substances by microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism describes how stomach poisons work as pesticides?

    <p>They affect the digestive system upon ingestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of a bioplastic contributes to its compostability?

    <p>Made from renewable materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPN)

    • Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are used to control invasive species.

    Pesticides

    • Pesticides are chemical substances used to kill or prevent the growth of unwanted organisms.
    • Types include inorganic pesticides, botanicals, and microbial pesticides.
    • Mechanisms of action include stomach poisons, contact poisons, systemic poisons, and desiccants.

    Diatomaceous Earth (DE)

    • Diatomaceous earth (DE) is used for biological control.

    Microscopy

    • Compound Microscope: Identify parts (e.g., objective lens, eyepiece, stage) and their functions.
    • Dissecting Microscope: Identify parts and their functions.
    • Total Magnification: Calculate total magnification using the objective and eyepiece magnification.
    • Field of View: Define field of view
    • Photomicrograph: Define photomicrograph.
    • Microscope Care: Proper procedures for storing and cleaning microscopes (including placement of cord and objective lens).
    • Wet Mounts: Describe steps for preparing wet mounts.

    Bioplastics

    • Are there environmentally friendly alternatives to plastic?
    • What can we do as a society to address the plastic problem?
    • What role can individuals play in addressing plastic pollution?
    • Bioplastics are made from renewable sources.
    • Potential benefits of using bioplastics include reduced reliance on petroleum-based plastics.
    • Are bioplastics good for the environment?
    • Composting process for bioplastics.
    • Properties of plastics, their components, and leachate.
    • Biodegradability of bioplastics.
    • Impact of plastic on marine animals.
    • Ways to reduce plastic's impact on the environment.
    • Recycled plastic products.
    • Reasons for the widespread use of plastic.
    • Would you stop the discovery of plastics?
    • Removing all plastic waste from the sea? Potential benefits and drawbacks.
    • Ways to reduce plastic waste and its environmental impact.

    Allelopathy

    • Allelopathy is a plant-plant interaction.
    • Plant competition and species interactions.
    • Effect of plant compounds on seed germination and seedling development.
    • Allelochemicals: List disadvantages of using them as bioherbicides
    • Essential oils: Purpose of testing essential oils in the allelopathy lab.
    • Controlling invasive allelopathic plants.

    Isle Royale Population Ecology

    • Practical place for studying population ecology.
    • Moose dramatically affecting vegetation.
    • Moose fat stores: higher with wolves absent.
    • Increase in yearly temperature affecting populations.

    Lab Tools and Instruments

    • Measuring tools: Measuring tape, measuring wheel, balances, thermometers.
    • Laboratory equipment: Vortex, forceps, serological pipettes, pumps, fixed-volume pipettes, pipette tips, transfer pipettes, graduated cylinders, rulers
    • Meters: UV meter, power meter, dissolved oxygen meter, pH meter, conductivity meter
    • Scopes: Compound microscopes, dissecting microscopes

    Lab Procedures

    • Nitrate and phosphate tests: Explain procedure
    • Sterilization: UV sterilization, chemical drops methods, filter methods.
    • Coliform testing: Procedure for setting up plates and observing results

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    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of biological control using entomopathogenic nematodes and diatomaceous earth. Additionally, it assesses knowledge of pesticide types and their mechanisms of action. Microscopy techniques, including identifying parts of microscopes and calculating total magnification, are also featured.

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