Biological and Psychosocial Risk Factors for Perinatal Depression
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Questions and Answers

What is the prevalence of peripartum onset major depressive disorder in the second trimester?

  • 7.4%
  • 12.8% (correct)
  • 17.4%
  • 12%

Which antidepressant did Anne have the best response to?

  • Sertraline
  • Fluoxetine
  • Paroxetine
  • Duloxetine (correct)

What is the leading cause of disease burden worldwide for people of childbearing age?

  • Depression (correct)
  • Bipolar Disorder
  • Anxiety disorders
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder

How many symptoms are required for a diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode according to DSM 5?

<p>5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened to Anne after she abruptly stopped taking duloxetine?

<p>She became acutely depressed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of pregnant persons will experience a depressive episode in the perinatal period?

<p>8% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a Major Depressive Episode, what symptom must be present among the five or more symptoms?

<p>'Anhedonia' - diminished interest or pleasure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How old is Anne's child who has Autism Spectrum Disorder?

<p>5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the common symptoms of depression during pregnancy mentioned in the text?

<p>Disturbed sleep patterns, energy changes, and feelings of worthlessness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is diagnosing and treating depression during pregnancy considered crucial according to the text?

<p>To prevent impaired bonding with the newborn (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the risks of untreated depression in pregnancy to the developing fetus or infant, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Increased risk of preterm birth and long-term cognitive effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential effect of maternal anxiety between 12-22 weeks gestation is associated with ADHD and child anxiety, as per the text?

<p>Externalizing behaviours in children (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom unique to postpartum depression as highlighted in the text?

<p>Feelings of worthlessness related to parenting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is mentioned as a biological risk factor for perinatal mood disorders in the text?

<p>Genetic and epigenetic factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the DSM-5 defined onset period for postpartum depression?

<p>During pregnancy or within 4 weeks following delivery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the spectrum of postpartum mood changes as per the text?

<p>&gt;50% at risk for MDD (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common reason why parents and their partners refuse medication during pregnancy and breastfeeding?

<p>Concerns about potential teratogenicity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of therapy focuses on areas such as grief, role transition, and interpersonal role disputes in treating depressed pregnant and postpartum parents?

<p>Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might lead to considering moving to pharmacological interventions for perinatal depression?

<p>Inability to carry out daily activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended regarding the use of psychotropic medications in pregnancy?

<p>Use the minimum number at the lowest effective dose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk associated with abruptly stopping or lowering dose of psychotropic medications before delivery?

<p>Neonatal complications such as respiratory distress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when using SSRIs in pregnancy during the third trimester?

<p>Increase the dosage to prevent neonatal complications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common concern related to antidepressants and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) mentioned in the text?

<p>Increased risk of ASDs with antidepressant use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stated about the relationship between SSRIs and teratogenicity in pregnancy?

<p>No increased risk of teratogenicity over background risk associated with SSRIs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common biological risk factor for perinatal major depression?

<p>Breastfeeding difficulties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should screening for perinatal depression occur postpartum?

<p>Between 6-16 weeks postpartum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)?

<p>To screen for postpartum depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What psychosocial risk factor is associated with perinatal depression?

<p>Socio-economic status (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high EPDS score indicate?

<p>Risk of maternal-infant interaction issues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered if suicidal ideation is detected during screening with the EPDS?

<p>Immediate hospitalization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does chronic maternal depression impact the child?

<p>Higher rates of anxiety disorders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential implication of postpartum depression for the birth parent?

<p>Risk of suicide and relationship disruption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the absolute risk of Postpartum Psychosis happening in first-time moms?

<p>1-2% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT associated with Postpartum Psychosis?

<p>Memory Loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relative risk for the first onset of Affective Psychosis within 4 weeks after delivery compared to other periods in a woman's life?

<p>23 times higher (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mental illness is NOT listed as a Co-Morbid Illness with postpartum concerns?

<p>Schizophrenia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a psychiatric emergency that requires hospitalization?

<p>Hallucinations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Breast is Best' in breastfeeding only if:

<p>'Birth parent and baby will be healthy' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Non-exposure' in relation to medication during pregnancy means:

<p>'Exposed to medication' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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