Biological and Psychosocial Risk Factors for Perinatal Depression
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Questions and Answers

What is the prevalence of peripartum onset major depressive disorder in the second trimester?

  • 7.4%
  • 12.8% (correct)
  • 17.4%
  • 12%
  • Which antidepressant did Anne have the best response to?

  • Sertraline
  • Fluoxetine
  • Paroxetine
  • Duloxetine (correct)
  • What is the leading cause of disease burden worldwide for people of childbearing age?

  • Depression (correct)
  • Bipolar Disorder
  • Anxiety disorders
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder
  • How many symptoms are required for a diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode according to DSM 5?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened to Anne after she abruptly stopped taking duloxetine?

    <p>She became acutely depressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of pregnant persons will experience a depressive episode in the perinatal period?

    <p>8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a Major Depressive Episode, what symptom must be present among the five or more symptoms?

    <p>'Anhedonia' - diminished interest or pleasure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How old is Anne's child who has Autism Spectrum Disorder?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the common symptoms of depression during pregnancy mentioned in the text?

    <p>Disturbed sleep patterns, energy changes, and feelings of worthlessness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is diagnosing and treating depression during pregnancy considered crucial according to the text?

    <p>To prevent impaired bonding with the newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the risks of untreated depression in pregnancy to the developing fetus or infant, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Increased risk of preterm birth and long-term cognitive effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential effect of maternal anxiety between 12-22 weeks gestation is associated with ADHD and child anxiety, as per the text?

    <p>Externalizing behaviours in children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom unique to postpartum depression as highlighted in the text?

    <p>Feelings of worthlessness related to parenting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is mentioned as a biological risk factor for perinatal mood disorders in the text?

    <p>Genetic and epigenetic factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the DSM-5 defined onset period for postpartum depression?

    <p>During pregnancy or within 4 weeks following delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the spectrum of postpartum mood changes as per the text?

    <p>&gt;50% at risk for MDD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reason why parents and their partners refuse medication during pregnancy and breastfeeding?

    <p>Concerns about potential teratogenicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of therapy focuses on areas such as grief, role transition, and interpersonal role disputes in treating depressed pregnant and postpartum parents?

    <p>Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might lead to considering moving to pharmacological interventions for perinatal depression?

    <p>Inability to carry out daily activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended regarding the use of psychotropic medications in pregnancy?

    <p>Use the minimum number at the lowest effective dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk associated with abruptly stopping or lowering dose of psychotropic medications before delivery?

    <p>Neonatal complications such as respiratory distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important consideration when using SSRIs in pregnancy during the third trimester?

    <p>Increase the dosage to prevent neonatal complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common concern related to antidepressants and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) mentioned in the text?

    <p>Increased risk of ASDs with antidepressant use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stated about the relationship between SSRIs and teratogenicity in pregnancy?

    <p>No increased risk of teratogenicity over background risk associated with SSRIs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common biological risk factor for perinatal major depression?

    <p>Breastfeeding difficulties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should screening for perinatal depression occur postpartum?

    <p>Between 6-16 weeks postpartum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)?

    <p>To screen for postpartum depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What psychosocial risk factor is associated with perinatal depression?

    <p>Socio-economic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a high EPDS score indicate?

    <p>Risk of maternal-infant interaction issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered if suicidal ideation is detected during screening with the EPDS?

    <p>Immediate hospitalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does chronic maternal depression impact the child?

    <p>Higher rates of anxiety disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential implication of postpartum depression for the birth parent?

    <p>Risk of suicide and relationship disruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the absolute risk of Postpartum Psychosis happening in first-time moms?

    <p>1-2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT associated with Postpartum Psychosis?

    <p>Memory Loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relative risk for the first onset of Affective Psychosis within 4 weeks after delivery compared to other periods in a woman's life?

    <p>23 times higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mental illness is NOT listed as a Co-Morbid Illness with postpartum concerns?

    <p>Schizophrenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a psychiatric emergency that requires hospitalization?

    <p>Hallucinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Breast is Best' in breastfeeding only if:

    <p>'Birth parent and baby will be healthy'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Non-exposure' in relation to medication during pregnancy means:

    <p>'Exposed to medication'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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