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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the five principles of metabolic pathways mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT one of the five principles of metabolic pathways mentioned in the text?
- Metabolic pathways are similar in all organisms
- Complex transformations occur in a series of separate reactions
- Many metabolic pathways are unique to each organism (correct)
- Each reaction is catalyzed by a specific enzyme
What type of fat do human infants have a lot of, which helps keep them warm when catabolized?
What type of fat do human infants have a lot of, which helps keep them warm when catabolized?
- White fat
- Brown fat (correct)
- Saturated fat
- Trans fat
In the presence of oxygen, what happens to glucose?
In the presence of oxygen, what happens to glucose?
- It is fully oxidized (correct)
- It is converted to glycogen
- It is partially oxidized
- It is not oxidized
What process forms ATP through the transfer of electrons in the presence of oxygen?
What process forms ATP through the transfer of electrons in the presence of oxygen?
Which type of metabolic pathway occurs when there is an absence of oxygen?
Which type of metabolic pathway occurs when there is an absence of oxygen?
What is the main function of mitochondria in brown fat?
What is the main function of mitochondria in brown fat?
What is the overall equation for the metabolism of glucose?
What is the overall equation for the metabolism of glucose?
What is the role of NAD+ in redox reactions?
What is the role of NAD+ in redox reactions?
Which of the following processes harvests energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen?
Which of the following processes harvests energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen?
What happens during reduction in a redox reaction?
What happens during reduction in a redox reaction?
Which molecule is the reducing agent in glucose metabolism?
Which molecule is the reducing agent in glucose metabolism?
What is the relationship between oxidation and reduction in a redox reaction?
What is the relationship between oxidation and reduction in a redox reaction?
Which organelle compartmentalizes metabolic pathways in eukaryotic cells?
Which organelle compartmentalizes metabolic pathways in eukaryotic cells?
Which term describes a redox reaction where electrons aren't completely transferred but an atom's share of electrons is changed?
Which term describes a redox reaction where electrons aren't completely transferred but an atom's share of electrons is changed?
Cells obtain energy from glucose through a single metabolic pathway.
Cells obtain energy from glucose through a single metabolic pathway.
Reduction in a redox reaction involves the loss of electrons.
Reduction in a redox reaction involves the loss of electrons.
Metabolic pathways are unique to each organism and do not share similarities.
Metabolic pathways are unique to each organism and do not share similarities.
Brown fat catabolism releases energy in the form of heat to keep the baby warm.
Brown fat catabolism releases energy in the form of heat to keep the baby warm.
Oxidative phosphorylation forms ATP in the absence of oxygen.
Oxidative phosphorylation forms ATP in the absence of oxygen.
The main function of mitochondria in brown fat is to store excess energy.
The main function of mitochondria in brown fat is to store excess energy.
During cellular respiration, glucose is completely oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water.
During cellular respiration, glucose is completely oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water.
Redox reactions always involve a complete transfer of electrons from one substance to another.
Redox reactions always involve a complete transfer of electrons from one substance to another.
In glucose metabolism, glucose acts as the reducing agent and oxygen acts as the oxidizing agent.
In glucose metabolism, glucose acts as the reducing agent and oxygen acts as the oxidizing agent.
The more reduced a molecule is, the less energy it possesses.
The more reduced a molecule is, the less energy it possesses.
NAD+ is a key electron carrier in redox reactions and undergoes reduction to form NADH.
NAD+ is a key electron carrier in redox reactions and undergoes reduction to form NADH.
In the absence of oxygen, fermentation is the process that harvests energy from glucose.
In the absence of oxygen, fermentation is the process that harvests energy from glucose.
Oxidation refers to the gain of electrons by a substance.
Oxidation refers to the gain of electrons by a substance.
Cellular respiration is an aerobic process that occurs in eukaryotic cells.
Cellular respiration is an aerobic process that occurs in eukaryotic cells.
The coenzyme NAD+ undergoes oxidation during cellular respiration.
The coenzyme NAD+ undergoes oxidation during cellular respiration.
Glycolysis is a catabolic process that harvests energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen.
Glycolysis is a catabolic process that harvests energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen.
Study Notes
Metabolic Pathways
- There are five principles of metabolic pathways, which are not specified in the text.
Fats and Thermogenesis
- Human infants have a lot of brown fat, which helps keep them warm when catabolized.
Cellular Respiration
- In the presence of oxygen, glucose is completely oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water.
- The overall equation for the metabolism of glucose is not specified in the text.
Energy Harvesting
- Fermentation is the process that harvests energy from glucose in the absence of oxygen.
Redox Reactions
- NAD+ is a key electron carrier in redox reactions and undergoes reduction to form NADH.
- In a redox reaction, oxidation refers to the loss of electrons by a substance, while reduction involves the gain of electrons by a substance.
- The relationship between oxidation and reduction in a redox reaction is that they occur simultaneously.
- During reduction, an atom or molecule gains electrons.
- Glucose acts as the reducing agent and oxygen acts as the oxidizing agent in glucose metabolism.
- The more oxidized a molecule is, the more energy it possesses.
Mitochondria and Cellular Compartmentalization
- Mitochondria are the organelles that compartmentalize metabolic pathways in eukaryotic cells.
- The main function of mitochondria in brown fat is to generate heat to keep the baby warm.
Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Oxidative phosphorylation forms ATP through the transfer of electrons in the presence of oxygen.
Miscellaneous
- Metabolic pathways are not unique to each organism and share similarities.
- Cells obtain energy from glucose through multiple metabolic pathways.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the development, structure, and function of organisms by taking this quiz on Chapter 9 of BIOL 131. Explore concepts such as cells harvesting chemical energy from glucose oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, and metabolic pathways.
