Bioethics and Mental Health Concepts Quiz

A moral principle stating that we are only obligated to do what is within our power to do.

A process of trying to find a balance between our intuitions about what is right and wrong and our principles of morality. In bioethics, it helps us refine our ethical reasoning and arrive at more consistent and justifiable conclusions.

A historical perspective on the care of those with mental illness, which involved treating patients through moral guidance, discipline, and social reintegration. It aimed to foster positive character development and social responsibility.

Laws that aimed to exclude certain populations from public visibility, often based on physical disabilities or social class. They contributed to the marginalization and social exclusion of vulnerable groups.

Laws that were used to criminalize poverty and homelessness, leading to the imprisonment and persecution of individuals facing economic hardship. These laws often targeted marginalized populations.

The medical model applies medical principles to understand and treat mental illness. It assumes mental illness originates in the body, primarily the brain.

This theory suggests that mental disorders are identifiable sets of symptoms that follow predictable patterns.

Psychiatric conditions grouped based on shared symptoms without necessarily understanding their root cause.

Emphasizes the use of symptoms to diagnose and classify different forms of mental illness.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a widely accepted classification system using the minimal interpretation.

A key criticism of the DSM is its focus on observable symptoms without explaining their underlying causes, potentially leading to the grouping of dissimilar conditions.

The DSM is a practical tool designed to improve communication, teaching, and research in mental health.

The strong interpretation of the medical model emphasizes the biological and neurochemical mechanisms underlying mental illness.

A state of balanced functioning, both physically and mentally, often characterized by a lack of significant dysfunction, which can be determined statistically and biologically.

The idea that mental “illness” exists on a spectrum and can be defined as a deviation from statistically typical patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion. For example, someone who is significantly more introverted than most people might be considered to have a mental disorder based on this definition.

A concept of mental health that takes into account the biological and genetic factors which might influence mental health and well-being.

A term that encompasses the many, diverse ways an individual can experience mental well-being. It acknowledges that there is no single ‘normal’ and that people can have different experiences, strengths, and challenges.

A complex philosophical term that refers to concepts that not only describe something but also carry moral weight. The concept of ‘normal’ is often seen as morally charged and can lead to assumptions about worth and value.

A measure's consistency across different times or observers.

A measure's accuracy in reflecting what it's supposed to measure.

The ability to distinguish between different mental illnesses using well-defined criteria.

A critical question in mental health is whether normal sadness and grief should be considered a form of depression.

Ways of expressing distress that are unique to a particular cultural group. These expressions can be phrases, behaviors, or even physical symptoms.

Explanations for distress that are rooted in a specific culture's beliefs and values. These explanations can involve supernatural forces, social stressors, or environmental factors.

Clusters of symptoms that commonly occur together within a particular cultural group. These syndromes may not be recognized in other cultures and often reflect specific cultural beliefs around distress.

A method of listening to patients' stories and experiences in order to understand their distress and find the best way to help them. This approach recognizes that cultural factors can shape how individuals describe their symptoms.

The feeling that one's condition feels like a natural part of who they are, rather than something separate from their identity. It can make it difficult for individuals to seek help or change their situation.

A condition characterized by extreme social withdrawal, primarily found in Japan. It is often seen as a symptom of other underlying issues, rather than a standalone disorder.

A Shona term for 'thinking too much,' considered a common idiom of distress and explanation of distress in Zimbabwe and Mozambique. It is linked to rumination and depression.

The process by which human conditions or behaviors are defined and treated as medical problems or disorders. This can lead to the over-medicalization of certain experiences.

A historical term for depression, often associated with a sense of profound sadness and pensiveness. It was once believed to be caused by demonic possession.

The act of forcibly removing Indigenous people from their land and cultures, often justified through the belief that Indigenous people are 'devil worshippers' and not Christian.

The long-term harm and suffering experienced by Indigenous communities resulting from colonization, particularly the impacts of residential schools and the loss of culture.

The intentional suppression of Indigenous languages and cultures by colonial powers, leading to a loss of identity and contributing to mental health challenges.

The idea that restoring cultural practices, language, and self-governance can contribute to improved mental health outcomes for Indigenous communities.

The use of language and symbolism to express and understand emotions, particularly in Indigenous cultures, where the meaning of 'depression' may differ from Western interpretations.

The belief that the harmful effects of colonialism mirror the symptoms of depression - both share a destructive and isolating nature.

A hope-filled vision for Indigenous mental health that emphasizes reclaiming culture, language, and community as paths to healing and well-being.